Trial reportThorax2023
Derivation and validation of a simple multidimensional index incorporating exercise capacity parameters for survival prediction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Trial report in Thorax, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of a predictive 6-min walk score in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.The European respiratory journal · 2025Trial
- Risk Model for Predicting Survival Outcomes Using Functional Exercise and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease: A Prospective Observational Study.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2025Trial
- Meaningful thresholds for change in quantitative computed tomography-derived fibrosis extent in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Article
- Admission-Based Machine-Learning Models for Predicting Mechanical Ventilation and Mortality in Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study with External Validation.Balkan medical journal · 2026Article
- Prognostic significance of incorporating SpO2 recovery time to the 6-minute walk test protocol and to a modified GAP index risk prediction model in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2026Article
- Retrospective Observational Study of Nintedanib in Managing Idiopathic and Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis in Routine Practice.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Development of a Prediction Model for Acute Exacerbation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Study of the Korea IPF Cohort Registry.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Article
- Validation of the gender, age, physiology model and other prognostic factors in interstitial lung disease patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Advanced interstitial lung disease: Evidence-based management and clinical approach.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Consumption of Endogenous Caspase-3 Activates Molecular Theranostic Nanoplatform against Inflammation-Induced Profibrotic Positive Feedback in Pulmonary Fibrosis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Predictive Value of Flow Cytometry Quantification of BAL Lymphocytes and Neutrophils in ILD.Cells · 2024Article
- Modified blood cell GAP model as a prognostic biomarker in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.ERJ open research · 2024Article
- A multidimensional classifier to support lung transplant referral in patients with pulmonary fibrosis.The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation · 2024Article
- Review
- Ectopic and visceral fat deposition in aging, obesity, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an interconnected role.Lipids in health and disease · 2023Review
- Establishment and application of the BRP prognosis model for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- External validation and longitudinal application of the DO-GAP index to individualise survival prediction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.ERJ open research · 2023Article
- Machine Learning and BMI Improve the Prognostic Value of GAP Index in Treated IPF Patients.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe gender-age-physiology (GAP) index is an easy-to-use baseline mortality prediction model in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The GAP index does not incorporate exercise capacity parameters such as 6 min walk distance (6MWD) or exertional hypoxia. We evaluated if the addition of 6MWD and exertional hypoxia to the GAP index improves survival prediction in IPF.
methodsPatients with IPF were identified at a tertiary care referral centre. Discrimination and calibration of the original GAP index were assessed. The cohort was then randomly divided into a derivation and validation set and performance of the GAP index with the addition of 6MWD and exertional hypoxia was evaluated. A final model was selected based on improvement in discrimination. Application of this model was then evaluated in a geographically distinct external cohort.
resultsThere were 562 patients with IPF identified in the internal cohort. Discrimination of the original GAP index was measured by a C-statistic of 0.676 (95% CI 0.635 to 0.717) and overestimated observed risk. 6MWD and exertional hypoxia were strongly predictive of mortality. The addition of these variables to the GAP index significantly improved model discrimination. A revised index incorporating exercise capacity parameters was constructed and performed well in the internal validation set (C-statistic: 0.752; 95% CI 0.701 to 0.802, difference in C-statistic compared with the refit GAP index: 0.050; 95% CI 0.004 to 0.097) and external validation set (N=108 (C-statistic: 0.780; 95% CI 0.682 to 0.877)).
conclusionA simple point-based baseline-risk prediction model incorporating exercise capacity predictors into the original GAP index may improve prognostication in patients with IPF.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.