ArticleBMC genomics2022
High diversity in the regulatory region of Shiga toxin encoding bacteriophages.
Article in BMC genomics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phylogenomic framework and virulence gene boundaries of emerging Shiga toxin-producingVirulence · 2026Article
- Pathogenome and Plasmid-Borne Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes in a Multidrug-Resistant O111:H8 Shiga Toxin-ProducingbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Pathogenomes of Shiga Toxin Positive and NegativeMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Pathogenomes and virulence profiles of representative big six non-O157 serogroup Shiga toxin-producingFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Characterization of the novel temperate Escherichia coli phage phiStx2k.Archives of virology · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial growth promoters approved in food-producing animals in South Africa induce shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages from Escherichia coli O157:H7.Gut pathogens · 2023Article
- Differences in the Shiga Toxin (Stx) 2a Phage Regulatory Switch Region Influence Stx2 Localization and Virulence of Stx-ProducingMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Characterization of the flanking region of the Shiga toxin operon in Stx2a bacteriophages reveals a diversity of the NanS-p sialate O-acetylesterase gene.AIMS microbiology · 2023Article
- The Ability of Shiga Toxin-ProducingFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- High Prevalence and Persistence of Escherichia coli Strains Producing Shiga Toxin Subtype 2k in Goat Herds.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- EnterohemorrhagicInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEnterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is an emerging health challenge worldwide and outbreaks caused by this pathogen poses a serious public health concern. Shiga toxin (Stx) is the major virulence factor of EHEC, and the stx genes are carried by temperate bacteriophages (Stx phages). The switch between lysogenic and lytic life cycle of the phage, which is crucial for Stx production and for severity of the disease, is regulated by the CI repressor which maintain latency by preventing transcription of the replication proteins. Three EHEC phage replication units (Eru1-3) in addition to the classical lambdoid replication region have been described previously, and Stx phages carrying the Eru1 replication region were associated with highly virulent EHEC strains.
resultsIn this study, we have classified the Eru replication region of 419 Stx phages. In addition to the lambdoid replication region and three already described Erus, ten novel Erus (Eru4 to Eru13) were detected. The lambdoid type, Eru1, Eru4 and Eru7 are widely distributed in Western Europe. Notably, EHEC strains involved in severe outbreaks in England and Norway carry Stx phages with Eru1, Eru2, Eru5 and Eru7 replication regions. Phylogenetic analysis of CI repressors from Stx phages revealed eight major clades that largely separate according to Eru type.
conclusionThe classification of replication regions and CI proteins of Stx phages provides an important platform for further studies aimed to assess how characteristics of the replication region influence the regulation of phage life cycle and, consequently, the virulence potential of the host EHEC strain.
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