ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Combined Treatment of Monopolar and Bipolar Radiofrequency Increases Skin Elasticity by Decreasing the Accumulation of Advanced Glycated End Products in Aged Animal Skin.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Innovative Facial Contouring Using a Monopolar Radiofrequency Device with Continuous Water Cooling: An Integrated Clinical and Preclinical Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Trial
- Skin Aging: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic and Technological Innovations.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Objective and subjective retrospective evaluation of XERF, a novel single-shot dual-frequency non-invasive monopolar radiofrequency.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Liposuction and Skin Tightening by Plastic Internal Low-angular Retraction Technique to Direct Skin Retraction with Monopolar Radiofrequency.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- Sequential Monopolar-Bipolar Pulsed Radiofrequency for Non-Invasive Periorbital Rejuvenation: A Case Series.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Article
- Sustained release of cathepsin D/cathepsin K from injectable hydrogel microspheres in anti-photoaging.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- The Safety and Efficacy of the Mono-Bi CrossLIFT Technique Utilizing Capacitive-Coupled Sequential Monopolar and Bipolar Pulsed Radiofrequency for Simultaneous Facial Skin Tightening and Contouring: A Clinical Case Series.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Article
- Polynucleotides Enhance Collagen Synthesis via Modulating Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase 1 in Senescent Macrophages: Experimental Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Real-World Clinical Practice on Skin Rejuvenation Among Korean Board-Certified Dermatologists: Survey-Based Results.Annals of dermatology · 2025Article
- Transcriptional Study of Radiofrequency Device Using Experimental Mouse Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Synthetic and Natural Agents Targeting Advanced Glycation End-Products for Skin Anti-Aging: A Comprehensive Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A Comprehensive Review onPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Iontophoretic Delivery of Hyaluronic Acid Nanogel-Loaded Fermented Rice Extract Mitigates Skin Glycation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- Epidermal and Dermal Regeneration Through Sequential Monopolar and Bipolar Radiofrequency: Evidence From an Aging Mouse Model.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2025Article
- Influence of photobiomodulation and radiofrequency on the healing of pressure lesions in mice.Lasers in medical science · 2024Article
- Radiofrequency Treatment Attenuates Age-Related Changes in Dermal-Epidermal Junctions of Animal Skin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- CK2α-mediated phosphorylation of GRP94 facilitates the metastatic cascade in triple-negative breast cancer.Cell death discovery · 2024Article
- Safety and Efficacy of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound and Monopolar Radiofrequency Combination Therapy for Skin Tightening: A Retrospective Study in Malaysia.The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS · 2024Article
- Single-Cell Sequencing Combined with Transcriptome Sequencing to Explore the Molecular Mechanisms Related to Skin Photoaging.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
It is well known that skin aging is related to the destruction of collagen and elastin fibers by metalloproteinases (MMPs). Aged fibroblasts have a decreased ability to synthesize collagen and elastin. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) involves glyoxalase (GLO) activation, which inhibits the production of advanced glycated end products (AGE) and the expression of its receptor (RAGE). RAGE increases nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB), which upregulates MMPs and decreases skin elasticity. NRF2 also decreases M1 macrophages, which secrete tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), thereby decreasing AGE production. It is well known that radiofrequency (RF) decreases skin elasticity by increasing collagen synthesis. We evaluated whether RF increases skin elasticity via NRF2/GLO and whether they decrease AGE and RAGE expression in aged animal skin. We also compared the effects of RF based on the modes (monopolar or bipolar) or the combination used. In aged skin, NRF2, GLO-1, and M2 macrophage expression was decreased, and their expression increased when RF was applied. M1 and TNF-α demonstrated increased expression in the aged skin and decreased expression after RF application. AGE accumulation and RAGE, NF-κB, and MMP2/3/9 expression were increased in the aged skin, and they were decreased by RF. The papillary and reticular fibroblast markers showed decreased expression in young skin and increased expression in aged skin. The densities of collagen and elastin fiber in the aged skin were low, and they were increased by RF. In conclusion, RF leads to increased collagen and elastin fibers by increasing NRF2/GLO-1 and modulating M1/M2 polarization, which leads to decreased AGE and RAGE and, consequently, decreased NF-κB, which eventually slows collagen and elastin destruction. RF also leads to increased collagen and elastin fiber synthesis by increasing papillary and reticular fibroblast expression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.