ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2022
"Modified Schirmer Test" as an Objective Measurement for Vaginal Dryness: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of Shatavari in women with low libido: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Journal of medicine and life · 2026Trial
- Sexual Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women: A Comparative Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravaginal PRP Therapy Versus Local Hormonal Treatments.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Trial
- Vaginal aging: from concealed symptoms to defined biomarkers.npj aging · 2026Review
- Use of calibrated filter paper to evaluate vaginal moisture in mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- COCancers · 2025Article
- Vaginal health in breast cancer survivors: a practical clinical approach.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2025Review
- The Editorial of the Special Issue "Diagnosis of Lower Genital Tract Disease".Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
None of the currently available parameters allow for a direct and objective measurement of vaginal moisture. We used a calibrated filter paper strip as a measurement tool for the quantification of vaginal fluid, in a similar manner as the ophthalmic “Schirmer test” (used for eye moisture measurement). The study aimed to evaluate the validity of this new, objective tool, to measure vaginal moisture. We compared vaginal moisture measurements using the “modified Schirmer test” in symptomatic women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause to those of women without vaginal dryness. The mean “modified Schirmer test” measurement in the control group was 21.7 mm compared to 3.3 mm in the study group, yielding a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Strong correlations were found between “modified Schirmer test” measurements and pH (correlation coefficient −0.714), Vaginal Health Index [VHI (0.775)], and Visual Analogue Score (VAS) of dryness during intercourse (−0.821). Our findings suggest that the “modified Schirmer test” can be used as an objective measurement for the assessment of vaginal fluid level. This test may also prove useful for evaluation of non-hormonal treatments aimed to treat vaginal dryness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.