ArticleBiomolecules2022
Modulation of the Epithelial-Immune Cell Crosstalk and Related Galectin Secretion by DP3-5 Galacto-Oligosaccharides and β-3'Galactosyllactose.
Article in Biomolecules, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- From homeostasis to dysregulation: human milk, microbial metabolites, and the preterm intestinal microenvironment in necrotizing enterocolitis.Translational pediatrics · 2026Review
- Oligosaccharide prebiotics in functional foods and therapeutics: innovations and challenges.3 Biotech · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory Role of Milk on Gut Microbiota: Implications for Enhancing Oral Vaccine Efficacy.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharide Supplementation Induces Persistent Immunoglobulin and Metabolic Alterations in Holstein Dairy Calves by Shaping Gut Microbiota.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Galactooligosaccharides Attenuate Behavioural, Haematological and Immunological Abnormalities and Influence Gut Microbiota in Rats with Amygdala Hyperactivation Induced by Electrical Stimulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Specific Human Milk Oligosaccharides Differentially Promote Th1 and Regulatory Responses in a CpG-Activated Epithelial/Immune Cell Coculture.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Recent Research and Application Prospect of Functional Oligosaccharides on Intestinal Disease Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Cell Biology of Galectins: Novel Aspects and Emerging Challenges.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Epithelial-derived galectin-9 containing exosomes contribute to the immunomodulatory effects promoted by 2'-fucosyllactose and short-chain galacto- and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) were shown to support mucosal immune development by enhancing regulatory-type Th1 immune polarization induced by synthetic CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (TLR9 agonist mimicking a bacterial DNA trigger). Epithelial-derived galectin-9 was associated with these immunomodulatory effects. We aimed to identify the most active fractions within GOS based on the degree of polymerization (DP), and to study the immunomodulatory capacities of DP3-sized β-3'galactosyllactose (β-3'GL) using a transwell co-culture model of human intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). IEC were apically exposed to different DP fractions of GOS or β-3'GL in the presence of CpG, and basolaterally co-cultured with αCD3/CD28-activated PBMC, washed, and incubated in fresh medium for IEC-derived galectin analysis. Only DP3-5 in the presence of CpG enhanced galectin-9 secretion. DP3-sized β-3'GL promoted a regulatory-type Th1 response by increasing IFNγ and IL-10 or galectin-9 concentrations as compared to CpG alone. In addition, IEC-derived galectin-3, -4, and -9 secretion was increased by β-3'GL when combined with CpG. Therefore, the GOS DP3-5 and most effectively DP3-sized β-3'GL supported the immunomodulatory properties induced by CpG by enhancing epithelial-derived galectin secretion, which, in turn, could support mucosal immunity.
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Registered trials
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