ArticleCancers2022
27-Hydroxycholesterol Binds GPER and Induces Progression of Estrogen Receptor-Negative Breast Cancer.
Article in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of obesity on breast cancer development in relation to menopausal status (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2026Review
- 27-Hydroxycholesterol in cancer development and drug resistance.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- GPER in metabolic homeostasis and disease: molecular mechanisms, nutritional regulation, and therapeutic potential.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Empowering hypoxia to convert cold tumors into hot tumors for breast cancer immunotherapy.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Decoding estrogen receptor and GPER biology: structural insights and therapeutic advances in ERα-positive breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Correction: Avena et al. 27-Hydroxycholesterol Binds GPER and Induces Progression of Estrogen Receptor-Negative Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2024Article
- Article
- Cholesterol metabolism in tumor microenvironment: cancer hallmarks and therapeutic opportunities.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Review
- Current progress and prospects for G protein-coupled estrogen receptor in triple-negative breast cancer.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- GPER: An Estrogen Receptor Key in Metastasis and Tumoral Microenvironments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor GPER in health and disease: an update.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor GPER: Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutic Applications.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2023Review
- The Cytotoxicity of 27-Hydroxycholesterol in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231.Advanced biomedical research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cholesterol affects the proliferation of breast cancer (BC) and in particular of estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) BC. Cholesterol is converted to 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), which promotes the growth of ER+ BC. Potentially, 27HC can be involved in cholesterol-dependent ER- BC proliferation. Stable MDA-MB-231 silenced clones for CYP7B1 (27HC metabolizing enzyme) show an increased basal proliferation rate, which is not observed in the presence of lipoprotein-deprived serum. Furthermore, the treatment of SKBR3, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 with 27HC increased cell proliferation that was prevented by G15, a selective G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) inhibitor, suggested this receptor to be a potential 27HC target. Binding experiments demonstrate that 27HC is a new ligand for GPER. We show that ERK1/2 and NFκB are part of the 27HC/GPER pathway. The stable silencing of GPER prevents NFκB activation and reduces basal and 27HC-dependent tumor growth. Additionally, conditioned medium from ER- BC cells treated with 27HC promotes tube formation, which does not occur with CM from GPER silenced cells. Collectively, these data demonstrate that cholesterol conversion into 27HC promotes ER- BC growth and progression, and the expression of GPER is required for its effects.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.