ArticleBrain sciences2022
Changes in the Serum Levels of Cytokines: IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8 and IL-10 in Depression with and without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
Article in Brain sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-specific associations of depression with inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiometabolic dysfunction: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.iScience · 2026Review
- Beyond PAD Inhibition: Emerging Avenues and Natural Products for Targeting Citrullination in Immune Diseases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Modified Jie-Yu-He-Huan Capsule in Post-Stroke Depression Treatment: Insights from DIA Proteomic and PRM Validation.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Decreased hippocampal neurogenesis and post-stroke depression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- A narrative review on the role of IL-1β, IL-8, and the endometrial matrix in heavy menstrual bleeding pathogenesis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Biomarkers and Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Susceptibility and Resilience to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Neurobiological Correlates of Coping Strategies in PTSD: The Role of IGF-1, CASP-9, nNOS, and IL-10 Based on Brief-COPE Assessment.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- NLRP3 Inflammasome in Stress-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Mechanisms of Neuron-Microglia-Astrocyte Crosstalk, HPA Axis Dysregulation, and Therapeutic Perspective.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Interplay Between Depression and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Shared Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Reciprocal Therapeutic Impacts-A Comprehensive Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation might reduce fear memory in fear-conditioned mice through an anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism.Chinese medical journal · 2025Article
- Post stroke depression: pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of natural product-based interventions.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Oleanolic Acid Cubic Liquid Crystal Nanoparticle-Based Thermosensitive Gel Attenuates Depression Symptoms in Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Rats.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Post traumatic stress disorder associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation and physical illness.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Review
- Advancing Post-Stroke Depression Research: Insights from Murine Models and Behavioral Analyses.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- First-episode psychiatric disorder risk from SARS-CoV-2 infection: A clinical analysis with Chinese psychiatric inpatients.Journal of biomedical research · 2024Article
- IL-8 (CXCL8) Correlations with Psychoneuroimmunological Processes and Neuropsychiatric Conditions.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- An Innovative Probiotic-Based Supplement to Mitigate Molecular Factors Connected to Depression and Anxiety: An In Vitro Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Understanding the Biological Relationship between Migraine and Depression.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Elevated neopterin and decreased IL-4, BDNF levels and depression in lymphoma patients receiving R-CHOP chemotherapy.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBoth depressive disorders (DD) and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) are caused by immune system dysfunction. Affected individuals show increased proinflammatory cytokine concentration levels. Also, it has been hypothesized that DD and PTSD might be associated with a generalized proinflammatory cytokine signature. The study assessed the concentration of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8 and IL-10 in depression alone and with PTSD.
methodsThe study involved 460 participants. Out of them, 420 subjects comprised a study group and 40 subjects comprised a control group. Each study group consisted of 60 patients with mild depression (MD), moderate depression (MOD), severe depression (SeD), MD and PTSD (MD + PTSD), MOD and PTSD (MOD + PTSD), SeD and PTSD (SeD + PTSD), and with PTSD alone. All patients had serum concentration of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8 and IL-10 measured with ELISA.
resultsDD and PTSD are reflected in IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8 and IL-10 concentration levels. It was reported that mean levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8 increase as depression became more severe. A regular decrease in IL-10 concentration levels was noted with the onset and exacerbation of depressive symptoms.
conclusionThe findings might be useful when considering chronic inflammation as a potential target or biomarker in depression and PTSD treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.