ArticlePigment cell & melanoma research2022
Reconstructed human pigmented skin/epidermis models achieve epidermal pigmentation through melanocore transfer.
Article in Pigment cell & melanoma research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- In Vitro Permeation Testing of Sunscreens using Reconstructed Human Skin versus Human Cadaver Skin Models.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- The genetic architecture of human skin pigmentation: evolution and adaptation across global populations.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- Review
- Anatomy of a bioengineered human pigmented skin equivalent to provide fundamental insights into skin tone melanin dynamics.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- Keratin intermediate filaments mechanically position melanin pigments for genome photoprotection.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- AI-assisted quantitative analysis for evaluating melanin distribution in 3D pigmented epidermis-on-a-chip models.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Bioinspired nanoparticles prevent blue-light-induced skin hyperpigmentation via FZD2-TYR-melanin pathway.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Disrupting melanin transfer: innovative strategy for anti-pigmentation drug discovery.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- In Vitro Skin Models as Non-Animal Methods for Dermal Drug Development and Safety Assessment.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Dual-targeting antioxidant and anti-glycation strategy inhibits melanogenesis through clinical and mechanistic study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Functional and Morphological Plasticity of the Endolysosomal System: Pigment Organelles at the Crossroads of Physiology and Pathology.Biology of the cell · 2025Review
- Advanced biomaterial strategies for overcoming age-associated wound healing impairments.APL bioengineering · 2025Review
- Impact of nicotine-free and nicotine-rich flavored electronic cigarette refill liquids on primary human melanocyte function.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Do Melanocytes Have a Role in Controlling Epidermal Bacterial Colonisation and the Skin Microbiome?Experimental dermatology · 2025Article
- Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid from a NovelInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Understanding the skin blackening phenomenon in Youzhou Dark goats based on the histological characteristics of melanocytes.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2024Article
- Implementing differentially pigmented skin models for predicting drug response variability across human ancestries.Human genomics · 2024Review
- The influence of phototherapy on circadian melatonin and sleep regulation and potential benefits of these pathways in the management of vitiligo: a narrative review : Vitiligo, phototherapy, sleep and melatonin.Archives of dermatological research · 2024Review
- Characterization of Reconstructed Human Epidermis in a Chemically-Defined, Animal Origin-Free Cell Culture.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The skin acts as a barrier to environmental insults and provides many vital functions. One of these is to shield DNA from harmful ultraviolet radiation, which is achieved by skin pigmentation arising as melanin is produced and dispersed within the epidermal layer. This is a crucial defence against DNA damage, photo-ageing and skin cancer. The mechanisms and regulation of melanogenesis and melanin transfer involve extensive crosstalk between melanocytes and keratinocytes in the epidermis, as well as fibroblasts in the dermal layer. Although the predominant mechanism of melanin transfer continues to be debated and several plausible models have been proposed, we and others previously provided evidence for a coupled exo/phagocytosis model. Herein, we performed histology and immunohistochemistry analyses and demonstrated that a newly developed full-thickness three-dimensional reconstructed human pigmented skin model and an epidermis-only model exhibit dispersed pigment throughout keratinocytes in the epidermis. Transmission electron microscopy revealed melanocores between melanocytes and keratinocytes, suggesting that melanin is transferred through coupled exocytosis/phagocytosis of the melanosome core, or melanocore, similar to our previous observations in human skin biopsies. We, therefore, present evidence that our in vitro models of pigmented human skin show epidermal pigmentation comparable to human skin. These findings have a high value for studies of skin pigmentation mechanisms and pigmentary disorders, whilst reducing the reliance on animal models and human skin biopsies.
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Registered trials
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