ArticlePloS one2022
CD4+ cell count recovery after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected Ethiopian adults.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Outcomes of Tenofovir, Lamivudine, and Dolutegravir in Treatment-Naïve versus Treatment-Experienced HIV Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study in Indonesia.Infection & chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Determinants of immune recovery and survival in HIV late presenters: a retrospective cohort study from Southwest China.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Expert consensus on the clinical management of HIV late presentation.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2026Article
- Pathological Proliferation of CD4Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Determinants of CD4 count recovery among severely immunosuppressed HIV patients initiated on antiretroviral therapy: a prospective cohort study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Factors Affecting Changes in CD4+ T-cell Count Among People Living with HIV (PLWH): A Retrospective Cohort Study in Kermanshah, Iran.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Defining and Predicting HIV Immunological Non-Response: A Multi-Definition Analysis from an Indonesian Cohort.Viruses · 2025Article
- Factors mediating and associated with immunological response in women living with HIV in Sweden: A nationwide register-based study.HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Association of HIV low-level viremia with CD4 count recovery among persons living with HIV during antiretroviral therapy in Dehong Prefecture, Southwest China in 2008-2021: a longitudinal study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Brain injury, endocrine disruption, and immune dysregulation in HIV-positive men who have sex with men with late HIV diagnosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Marginal structural Cox model for estimating the effect of Chinese medicine on the survival of people living with HIV: a 17-year real-world retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Children with perinatally acquired HIV exhibit distinct immune responses to 4CMenB vaccine.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Clinical outcomes and risk factors for immune recovery and all-cause mortality in Latin Americans living with HIV with virological success: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Treatment Outcomes Among Individuals on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.AIDS research and treatment · 2024Article
- Adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) and Its Determinants Among People Living with HIV/AIDS at Bonga, Kaffa, South-West Ethiopia.Patient preference and adherence · 2024Article
- Article
- Recent advances in poor HIV immune reconstitution: what will the future look like?Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCD4+ cell count recovery after effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an important determinant of both AIDS and non-AIDS morbidity and mortality. Data on CD4+ cell count recovery after initiation of ART are still limited in Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to assess CD4+ cell count recovery among HIV-infected adults initiating ART in an Ethiopian setting.
methodsA retrospective cohort study of HIV-infected adults initiating ART between September 2008 and June 2019 was carried out. CD4+ cell count recovery was defined as an increase in CD4+ cell count of >100 cells/mm3 from baseline or achievement of a CD4+ cell count >500 cells/mm3 at 12 months after ART initiation. Factors associated with CD4+ cell count recovery were evaluated using logistic regression analysis.
resultsOf the 566 patients included in this study, the median baseline CD4+ cell count was 264 cells/mm3 (IQR: 192-500). At 12 months after ART initiation, the median CD4+ cell count increased to 472 cells/mm3, and the proportion of patients with CD4+ cell count < 200 cells/mm3 declined from 28.3 to 15.0%. A total of 58.0% of patients had an increase in CD4+ cell count of >100 cells/mm3 from baseline and 48.6% achieved a CD4+ cell count >500 cells/mm3 at 12 months. Among patients with CD4+ cell counts < 200, 200-350 and >350 cells/mm3 at baseline, respectively, 30%, 43.9% and 61.7% achieved a CD4+ cell count >500 cells/mm3 at 12 months. In multivariable analysis, poor CD4+ cell count recovery (an increase of ≤100 cells/mm3 from baseline) was associated with older age, male sex, higher baseline CD4+ cell count and zidovudine-containing initial regimen. Factors associated with poor CD4+ cell count recovery to reach the level >500 cells/mm3 included older age, male sex and lower baseline CD4+ cell count.
conclusionsCD4+ cell count failed to recover in a substantial proportion of adults initiating ART in this resource-limited setting. Older age, male sex and baseline CD4+ cell count are the dominant factors for poor CD4+ cell count recovery. Novel therapeutic approaches are needed focusing on high risk patients to maximize CD4+ cell count recovery and improve outcomes during therapy.
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