Observational studyClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2022
Group B Streptococcus Infection in Extremely Preterm Neonates and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 2 Years.
Observational study in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00063063 (Generic Database), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Generic Database: A Survey of Morbidity and Mortality in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gestational age modifies associations between Group B Streptococcus genomic characteristics and postnatal age at disease onset.Nature communications · 2026Article
- RodA promotes intestinal colonization by group BInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Facing Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence in Streptococcus agalactiae During Late Pregnancy: Evaluation of Lactobacilli as a Supportive Approach.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Incidence and outcomes of neonatal group B streptococcal sepsis in Qatar-a multicentre study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Neonatal Group B Streptococcus Disease.Pediatrics in review · 2024Review
- Late-Onset Sepsis in a Premature Infant Mediated by Breast Milk: Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Group BInfection and drug resistance · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study was performed to determine the incidence of group B Streptococcus (GBS) disease among extremely preterm infants and assess to risk of death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at a corrected age of 18-26 months.
methodsIn this observational cohort study of infants enrolled in a multicenter registry, the incidence of GBS disease was assessed in infants born in 1998-2016 at 22-28 weeks' gestation and surviving for >12 hours. The composite outcome, death or NDI, was assessed in infants born in 1998-2014 at 22-26 weeks' gestation. Infection was defined as GBS isolation in blood or cerebrospinal fluid culture at ≤72 hours (early-onset disease [EOD]) or >72 hours (late-onset disease [LOD]) after birth. Using Poisson regression models, the outcome was compared in infants with GBS disease, infants infected with other pathogens, and uninfected infants.
resultsThe incidence of GBS EOD (2.70/1000 births [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.15-3.36]) and LOD (8.47/1000 infants [7.45-9.59]) did not change significantly over time. The adjusted relative risk of death/NDI was higher among infants with GBS EOD than in those with other infections (adjusted relative risk, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.02-1.45]) and uninfected infants (1.44 [1.23-1.69]). Risk of death/NDI did not differ between infants with GBS LOD and comparator groups. GBS LOD occurred at a significantly later age than non-GBS late-onset infection. Among infants surviving >30 days, the risk of death was higher with GBS LOD (adjusted relative risk, 1.90 [95% CI, 1.36-2.67]), compared with uninfected infants.
conclusionsIn a cohort of extremely preterm infants, the incidence of GBS disease did not change during the study period. The increased risk of death or NDI with GBS EOD, and of death among some infants with GBS LOD, supports the need for novel preventive strategies for disease reduction. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT00063063.
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