ArticleScientific reports2022
Contrasting roles for G-quadruplexes in regulating human Bcl-2 and virus homologues KSHV KS-Bcl-2 and EBV BHRF1.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulatory roles of G-quadruplexes and G-quadruplex-binding proteins across the enhancer and promoter of the HBV genome.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Detangling knots: the intricate roles of G-quadruplexes in herpesvirus replication.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Cigarette smoke destabilizes G-quadruplex structures and antagonizes G4-ligand effects in macrophages.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evidence for G-quadruplex-mediated transactivation by the immediate-early 2 protein of human cytomegalovirus.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Chromatin Control of EBV Infection and Latency.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- G-Quadruplexes in the Regulation of Viral Gene Expressions and Their Impacts on Controlling Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Targeting G-quadruplexes to achieve antiviral activity.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters · 2023Review
- The oncogenic gamma herpesviruses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) hijack retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) facilitating both viral and tumour immune evasion.Tumour virus research · 2022Review
- Can G-quadruplex become a promising target in HBV therapy?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Herpesviruses are known to acquire several genes from their hosts during evolution. We found that a significant proportion of virus homologues encoded by HSV-1, HSV-2, EBV and KSHV and their human counterparts contain G-quadruplex motifs in their promoters. We sought to understand the role of G-quadruplexes in the regulatory regions of viral Bcl-2 homologues encoded by KSHV (KS-Bcl-2) and EBV (BHRF1). We demonstrate that the KSHV KS-Bcl-2 and the EBV BHRF1 promoter G-quadruplex motifs (KSHV-GQ and EBV-GQ) form stable intramolecular G-quadruplexes. Ligand-mediated stabilization of KS-Bcl-2 and BHRF1 promoter G-quadruplexes significantly increased the promoter activity resulting in enhanced transcription of these viral Bcl-2 homologues. Mutations disrupting KSHV-GQ and EBV-GQ inhibit promoter activity and render the KS-Bcl-2 and the BHRF1 promoters non-responsive to G-quadruplex ligand. In contrast, promoter G-quadruplexes of human bcl-2 gene inhibit promoter activity. Further, KS-Bcl-2 and BHRF1 promoter G-quadruplexes augment RTA (a virus-encoded transcription factor)-mediated increase in viral bcl-2 promoter activity. In sum, this work highlights how human herpesviruses have evolved to exploit promoter G-quadruplexes to regulate virus homologues to counter their cellular counterparts.
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