Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35321640›Full record

ArticleBMC geriatrics2022

Individual and environmental factors associated with cognitive function in older people: a longitudinal multilevel analysis.

Hui-Chuan Hsu, Chyi-Huey Bai

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC geriatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Mixture of organic pollutants is associated with cognitive aging.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
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  11. Impaired neurovascular coupling in metabolic syndrome: an fNIRS study.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Hui-Chuan HsuSchool of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.). gingerhsu@tmu.edu.tw.
Chyi-Huey BaiSchool of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.).

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIndividual and environmental factors have been found to be related to cognitive function. However, few studies have examined the longitudinal effects of both individual and environmental factors over time. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of individual and environmental factors over time on older people's cognitive function.

methodsNationally representative panel data from the Taiwan Longitudinal Survey on Aging 1999-2015 (n = 6349 persons, observations = 12,042) were used. City-level indicator data were sourced from the government. A multilevel mixed linear model analysis was conducted.

resultsBetter cognitive function was significantly related to individuals' work, ethnicity, younger age, higher education level, better self-rated health, higher level of emotional support received, being more religious, higher economic satisfaction, and living in the cities with higher population densities. Education and social connectedness were protective factors over time.

conclusionSocioeconomics and social connectedness are related to cognitive function. A more social integrated lifestyle and financially secure living is suggested in the policy.

Indexed as

AgingCognitionAgedHumansLongitudinal StudiesMultilevel AnalysisPersonal SatisfactionSocioeconomic FactorsCognitive functionLongitudinal studyMultilevel analysisOlder peopleSocial support

Identifiers

PMID35321640
PMCPMC8941778

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.