ArticleJournal of sports science & medicine2021
Relationships between Heart Rate Variability, Sleep Duration, Cortisol and Physical Training in Young Athletes.
Article in Journal of sports science & medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contrast Heat-Cold Versus Thermoneutral Showering in Trained Combat Sport Athletes: A Randomized Field Trial of Recovery Outcomes.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2026Trial
- Exploring the efficacy and safety of a novel standardized ashwagandha (Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2023Trial
- Association of sleep efficiency with cardiac autonomic modulation in young and professional soccer players during pre-season.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- Effects of psychophysiological stress on perceptual responses during low-volume high intensity interval exercise: insights from ACTH and cortisol in overweight-to-obese adults.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Weekly Heart Rate Variability and Training Zone Analysis in U-15 Soccer Players: The Predictive Value of Combined Warm-up Protocols for Optimizing Cardiovascular Monitoring.Advanced biomedical research · 2026Article
- Research on changes in psychological, physical fatigue and emotional states in the National Youth Orienteering Preparation Camp.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- [Optimization and validation of a mathematical model for precise assessment of personalized exercise load based on wearable devices].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2025Article
- Article
- Can consumption of finger millet diet improve mental health status in athletes: a possible link with modulation of cortisol levels.Physical activity and nutrition · 2024Article
- Changes in the hormonal and inflammatory profile of young sprint- and endurance-trained athletes following a sports camp: a nonrandomized pretest-posttest study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Blood and Salivary Cortisol Variations in Athletes in Relation to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Competition Anxiety in Combat Sports and the Importance of Mental Toughness.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Diurnal Salivary Cortisol in Relation to Body Composition and Heart Rate Variability in Young Adults.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aims of the current study were to examine the relationships between heart rate variability (HRV), salivary cortisol, sleep duration and training in young athletes. Eight athletes (16 ± 1 years) were monitored for 7 weeks during training and competition seasons. Subjects were training for endurance-based winter sports (cross-country skiing and biathlon). Training was divided into two zones (K1, easy training and K2, hard training). Heart rate and blood lactate during submaximal running tests (SRT), as well as cortisol, sleep duration and nocturnal HRV (RMSSD), were determined every other week. HRV and cortisol levels were correlated throughout the 7-week period (r = -0.552, P = 0.01), with the strongest correlation during week 7 (r = -0.879, P = 0.01). The relative changes in K1 and HRV showed a positive correlation from weeks 1-3 (r = 0.863, P = 0.006) and a negative correlation during weeks 3-5 (r = -0.760, P = 0.029). The relative change in sleep during weeks 1-3 were negatively correlated with cortisol (r = -0.762, P = 0.028) and K2 (r = -0.762, P = 0.028). In conclusion, HRV appears to reflect the recovery of young athletes during high loads of physical and/or physiological stress. Cortisol levels also reflected this recovery, but significant change required a longer period than HRV, suggesting that cortisol may be less sensitive to stress than HRV. Moreover, our results indicated that during the competition season, recovery for young endurance athletes increased in duration and additional sleep may be beneficial.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.