Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35320360›Full record

ArticleDiabetes care2022

Incidence and Characteristics of Remission of Type 2 Diabetes in England: A Cohort Study Using the National Diabetes Audit.

Naomi Holman, Sarah H Wild, Kamlesh Khunti, Peter Knighton, Jackie O'Keefe, Chirag Bakhai, Bob Young, Naveed Sattar, Jonathan Valabhji, Edward W Gregg

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
7.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Physical activity, inactivity and sleep during the Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT).Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2023
    Trial
  2. Article
  3. Clinical and Metabolic Characteristics of Spontaneous Remission in Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study from South India.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026
    Article
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  13. Recent progress of remission in type 2 diabetes.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2025
    Review
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  15. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.

Naomi HolmanInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K.ORCID 0000-0002-7432-5786
Sarah H WildUsher Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K.ORCID 0000-0001-7824-2569
Kamlesh KhuntiDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, U.K.ORCID 0000-0003-2343-7099
Peter KnightonAnalytical Services-Population Health, Clinical Audit and Specialist Care, NHS Digital, Leeds, U.K.
Jackie O'KeefeAnalytical Services-Population Health, Clinical Audit and Specialist Care, NHS Digital, Leeds, U.K.
Chirag BakhaiNHS England and NHS Improvement, London, U.K.
Bob YoungDiabetes UK, London, U.K.
Naveed SattarInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K.ORCID 0000-0002-1604-2593
Jonathan ValabhjiNHS England and NHS Improvement, London, U.K.
Edward W GreggSchool of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, U.K.ORCID 0000-0003-2381-6822
NHS Digital · GBUniversity of Glasgow · GBDiabetes UK · GBImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust · GBImperial College London · GBNHS EnglandUniversity of Edinburgh · GBUniversity of Leicester · GB

Funding

British Heart Foundation RE/18/6/34217Department of Health
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess the incidence of remission of type 2 diabetes in routine care settings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsPeople with type 2 diabetes (HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol [6.5%] or <48 mmol/mol [6.5%] with a prescription for glucose-lowering medications) alive on 1 April 2018 were identified from a national collation of health records in England and followed until 31 December 2019. Remission was defined as two HbA1c measurements of <48 mmol/mol (6.5%) at least 182 days apart, with no prescription for glucose-lowering medications 90 days before these measurements.

resultsIn 2,297,700 people with type 2 diabetes, the overall incidence of remission per 1,000 person-years was 9.7 (95% CI 9.6-9.8) and 44.9 (95% CI 44.0-45.7) in 75,610 (3.3%) people who were diagnosed <1 year. In addition to shorter duration of diagnosis, baseline factors associated with higher odds of remission were no prescription for glucose-lowering medication, lower HbA1c and BMI, BMI reduction, White ethnicity, female sex, and lower socioeconomic deprivation. Among 8,940 (0.4%) with characteristics associated with remission (diagnosed <2 years, HbA1c <53 mmol/mol [7.0%], prescribed metformin alone or no glucose-lowering medications, BMI reduction of ≥10%), incidence of remission per 1,000 person-years was 83.2 (95% CI 78.7-87.9).

conclusionsRemission of type 2 diabetes was generally infrequent in routine care settings but may be a reasonable goal for a subset of people who lose a significant amount of weight shortly after diagnosis. Policies that encourage intentional remission of type 2 diabetes should seek to reduce the ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities identified.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Blood GlucoseCohort StudiesEnglandFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsIncidenceBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic Agents

Identifiers

PMID35320360
PMCPMC9174970
OpenAlexW4221039283

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.