Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35318793›Full record

ReviewEcology letters2022

Assessing the risk of human-to-wildlife pathogen transmission for conservation and public health.

Anna C Fagre, Lily E Cohen, Evan A Eskew, Max Farrell, Emma Glennon, Maxwell B Joseph, Hannah K Frank, Sadie J Ryan, Colin J Carlson, Gregory F Albery

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Ecology letters, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed
16.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Drivers of bat researchers' intent to adopt field hygiene practices.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Red Fox (Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Pathogens and planetary change.Nature reviews. Biodiversity · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.

Anna C FagreDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0969-5078
Lily E CohenIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York City, USA.
Evan A EskewDepartment of Biology, Pacific Lutheran University, Tacoma, Washington, USA.
Max FarrellDepartment of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Emma GlennonDisease Dynamics Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Maxwell B JosephEarth Lab, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Hannah K FrankDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisina, USA.
Sadie J RyanQuantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab Group, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Colin J CarlsonCenter for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6960-8434
Gregory F AlberyDepartment of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6260-2662
Georgetown University · USColorado Health Foundation · USIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USPacific Lutheran University · USTulane University · USUniversity of Cambridge · GBUniversity of Colorado Boulder · USUniversity of Florida · USUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

NSF BII 2021909
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to increased concern over transmission of pathogens from humans to animals, and its potential to threaten conservation and public health. To assess this threat, we reviewed published evidence of human-to-wildlife transmission events, with a focus on how such events could threaten animal and human health. We identified 97 verified examples, involving a wide range of pathogens; however, reported hosts were mostly non-human primates or large, long-lived captive animals. Relatively few documented examples resulted in morbidity and mortality, and very few led to maintenance of a human pathogen in a new reservoir or subsequent "secondary spillover" back into humans. We discuss limitations in the literature surrounding these phenomena, including strong evidence of sampling bias towards non-human primates and human-proximate mammals and the possibility of systematic bias against reporting human parasites in wildlife, both of which limit our ability to assess the risk of human-to-wildlife pathogen transmission. We outline how researchers can collect experimental and observational evidence that will expand our capacity for risk assessment for human-to-wildlife pathogen transmission.

Indexed as

Animals, WildCOVID-19AnimalsHumansMammalsPandemicsPrimatesPublic HealthSARS-CoV-2conservationmulti-host pathogenSARS-CoV-2spillbackspilloverZooanthroponosiszoonosis

Identifiers

PMID35318793
PMCPMC9313783
OpenAlexW4221133000

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.