Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35315233›Full record

ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2022

Sticking Together: Injectable Granular Hydrogels with Increased Functionality via Dynamic Covalent Inter-Particle Crosslinking.

Victoria G Muir, Taimoor H Qazi, Shoshana Weintraub, Bryan O Torres Maldonado, Paulo E Arratia, Jason A Burdick

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 120 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Ionic-Bionic Interfaces: Advancing Iontronic Strategies for Bioelectronic Sensing and Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Granular Hydrogels as Brittle Yield Stress Fluids.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Victoria G MuirDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Taimoor H QaziDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Shoshana WeintraubDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Bryan O Torres MaldonadoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Paulo E ArratiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Jason A BurdickDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2006-332X
University of Pennsylvania · USUniversity of Colorado Boulder · US

Funding

Engineered Developmental Microenvironments: Cartilage Formation and MaturationR01AR077362 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BURDICK, JASON A, MAUCK, ROBERT L · 2020 to 2024
$2.5M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR077362NIH HHS R01AR077362
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Granular hydrogels are an exciting class of microporous and injectable biomaterials that are being explored for many biomedical applications, including regenerative medicine, 3D printing, and drug delivery. Granular hydrogels often possess low mechanical moduli and lack structural integrity due to weak physical interactions between microgels. This has been addressed through covalent inter-particle crosslinking; however, covalent crosslinking often occurs through temporal enzymatic methods or photoinitiated reactions, which may limit injectability and material processing. To address this, a hyaluronic acid (HA) granular hydrogel is developed with dynamic covalent (hydrazone) inter-particle crosslinks. Extrusion fragmentation is used to fabricate microgels from photocrosslinkable norbornene-modified HA, additionally modified with either aldehyde or hydrazide groups. Aldehyde and hydrazide-containing microgels are mixed and jammed to form adhesive granular hydrogels. These granular hydrogels possess enhanced mechanical integrity and shape stability over controls due to the covalent inter-particle bonds, while maintaining injectability due to the dynamic hydrazone bonds. The adhesive granular hydrogels are applied to 3D printing, which allows the printing of structures that are stable without any further post-processing. Additionally, the authors demonstrate that adhesive granular hydrogels allow for cell invasion in vitro. Overall, this work demonstrates the use of dynamic covalent inter-particle crosslinking to enhance injectable granular hydrogels.

Indexed as

HydrogelsMicrogelsAdhesivesAldehydesHyaluronic AcidHydrazinesHydrazonesAdhesivesAldehydesHyaluronic AcidHydrazinesHydrazonesHydrogelsMicrogelsdynamic covalentextrusion fragmentationextrusion printinggranular hydrogelsinjectable hydrogelsinter-particle crosslinking

Identifiers

PMID35315233
PMCPMC9463088
OpenAlexW4221100545

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.