ReviewHeadache2022
Cluster headache pathophysiology: What we have learned from advanced neuroimaging.
Review in Headache, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Deep brain stimulation of the hypothalamic region: a systematic review.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Pooled it
- Altered hypothalamic metabolism in chronic cluster headache patients measured withThe journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- White matter microstructural alterations in episodic cluster headache outside attacks: a tract-based spatial statistics study.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Bridging the gap: molecular mechanisms, regional activity and connectivity in headache disorders.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Premonitory phase in primary headaches: shared and divergent mechanisms in migraine and cluster headache, the Junior Editorial Board Members' vision.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Review
- Autonomic dysfunction in patients with episodic cluster headache during remission period.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Article
- Uncovering the neurological substrates underlying restlessness in cluster headache - A functional MRI study.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- White matter alterations in cluster headache identified using PSMD analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Distinct Alterations of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cluster Headache: A Case Control Study.Annals of neurology · 2025Article
- Inverse association of obesity with bout periodicity in episodic cluster headache: a multicenter cross-sectional study.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Observational
- Limbic system abnormalities in episodic cluster headache: a 7T MRI multimodal study.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Uncovering drug targets for cluster headache through proteome-wide Mendelian randomization analysis.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Cluster Headache and Hypoxia: Breathing New Life into an Old Theory, with Novel Implications.Neurology international · 2024Review
- A retrospective cohort study: is COVID-19 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination a trigger factor for cluster headache?Acta neurologica Belgica · 2024Article
- Occipital nerve stimulation for cluster headache: lessons to learn from the 'voltage tuners'.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- Abnormally glymphatic system functional in patients with migraine: a diffusion kurtosis imaging study.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- The Prevalence and Clinical Phenotypes of Cluster Headache in Relation with Latitude.Current pain and headache reports · 2024Review
- Altered functional connectivity of the thalamus and salience network in patients with cluster headache: a pilot study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Cluster Headache Presenting As Sinonasal Pathology in a Young Adult: A Diagnostic Odyssey.Cureus · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough remarkable progress has been achieved in understanding cluster headache (CH) pathophysiology, there are still several gaps about the mechanisms through which independent subcortical and cortical brain structures interact with each other. These gaps could be partially elucidated by structural and functional advanced neuroimaging investigations.
objectiveAlthough we are aware that substantial achievements have come from preclinical, neurophysiological, and biochemical experiments, the present narrative review aims to summarize the most significant findings from structural, microstructural, and functional neuroimaging investigations, as well as the consequent progresses in understanding CH pathophysiological mechanisms, to achieve a comprehensive and unifying model.
resultsAdvanced neuroimaging techniques have contributed to overcoming the peripheral hypothesis that CH is of cavernous sinus pathology, in transitioning from the pure vascular hypothesis to a more comprehensive trigeminovascular model, and, above all, in clarifying the role of the hypothalamus and its connections in the genesis of CH.
conclusionAltogether, neuroimaging findings strongly suggest that, beyond the theoretical model of the "pain matrix," the model of the "neurolimbic pain network" that is accepted in migraine research could also be extended to CH. Indeed, although the hypothalamus' role is undeniable, the genesis of CH attacks is complex and seems to not be just the result of a single "generator." Cortical-hypothalamic-brainstem functional interconnections that can switch between out-of-bout and in-bout periods, igniting the trigeminovascular system (probably by means of top-down mechanisms) and the consensual trigeminal autonomic reflexes, may represent the "neuronal background" of CH.
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