Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35314969›Full record

ReviewNeurocritical care2022

Endotypes and the Path to Precision in Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Tej D Azad, Pavan P Shah, Han B Kim, Robert D Stevens

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Neurocritical care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Interleukin-6 and its association with outcome in traumatic brain injury: a prospective cohort.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025
    Article
  6. Observational
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Evolving concepts in intracranial pressure monitoring - from traditional monitoring to precision medicine.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Glibenclamide for Brain Contusions: Contextualizing a Promising Clinical Trial Design that Leverages an Imaging-Based TBI Endotype.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Tej D AzadDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Pavan P ShahDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Han B KimDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Phipps Suite 455, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Robert D StevensDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. rstevens@jhmi.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5984-7837

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Heterogeneity is recognized as a major barrier in efforts to improve the care and outcomes of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Even within the narrower stratum of moderate and severe TBI, current management approaches do not capture the complexity of this condition characterized by manifold clinical, anatomical, and pathophysiologic features. One approach to heterogeneity may be to resolve undifferentiated TBI populations into endotypes, subclasses that are distinguished by shared biological characteristics. The endotype paradigm has been explored in a range of medical domains, including psychiatry, oncology, immunology, and pulmonology. In intensive care, endotypes are being investigated for syndromes such as sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. This review provides an overview of the endotype paradigm as well as some of its methods and use cases. A conceptual framework is proposed for endotype research in moderate and severe TBI, together with a scientific road map for endotype discovery and validation in this population.

Indexed as

Brain Injuries, TraumaticRespiratory Distress SyndromeSepsisHumansEndotypeEnrichmentHeterogeneity of treatment effectMachine learningPhenotypePrecision medicineTraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.