SynthesisBlood cancer journal2022
Extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma: a systematic literature review.
Synthesis in Blood cancer journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 198 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
198 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 257 citations in OpenAlex.
- Outcomes in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease: a meta-analysis.Annals of hematology · 2025Pooled it
- International Myeloma Society/International Myeloma Working Group Consensus Recommendations on the Definition of High-Risk Multiple Myeloma.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2025Guideline
- Efficacy and safety of teclistamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of hematology · 2024Pooled it
- Teclistamab-based induction treatment in transplant-eligible, newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a phase 2 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and safety of selinexor combined with VRD in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with EMD: a phase 2 trial.Blood advances · 2026Trial
- The SCARLET trial: a prospective phase II study of somatostatin receptor imaging for potential radiotheranostic application in patients with relapsing and refractory multiple myeloma.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Trial
- Clinical impact of [18F]FDG-PET/CT in ARI0002h treatment, a CAR-T against BCMA for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.Blood advances · 2025Trial
- BCMA-BBZ-OX40 CAR-T Therapy Using an Instant Manufacturing Platform in Multiple Myeloma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results.Nature medicine · 2023Trial
- LDH-mediated autophagic full-chain blockade for Multiple Myeloma treatment by targeting circ_0008255/miR-192-5p/ATG2A axis.Bioactive materials · 2027Article
- Diagnostic challenges posed by the wide morphological and immunophenotypic spectrum of plasma cell neoplasms.Blood research · 2026Review
- Automated Deauville Score computation from baseline [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT predicts progression-free survival in multiple myeloma: a radiogenomic framework.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Junctional Adhesion Molecule-A (JAM-A) Associates With High-Risk Disease in Multiple Myeloma Patients and a Structure-Based Rationally-Designed Peptide Inhibitor Attenuates Tumorigenic Features In Vitro and In Vivo.European journal of haematology · 2026Article
- Clinical course, risk factors, and therapeutic response in multiple myeloma with central nervous system involvement.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Aggressive multiple myeloma with lymph node involvement, loss of CD138, and adipophilin-positive cytoplasmic vacuolization: a case report.Medical molecular morphology · 2026Article
- Bilateral proptosis as the initial manifestation of multiple myeloma with orbital involvement: case report and literature review.Oxford medical case reports · 2026Article
- Factors Affecting Prognosis in Patients with Extramedullary Myeloma: A Single-Center Experience.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Tympanic Membrane Involvement of Multiple Myeloma: Report of a Case.Hematology reports · 2026Article
- Article
138 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 10 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extramedullary involvement (or extramedullary disease, EMD) represents an aggressive form of multiple myeloma (MM), characterized by the ability of a clone and/or subclone to thrive and grow independent of the bone marrow microenvironment. Several different definitions of EMD have been used in the published literature. We advocate that true EMD is restricted to soft-tissue plasmacytomas that arise due to hematogenous spread and have no contact with bony structures. Typical sites of EMD vary according to the phase of MM. At diagnosis, EMD is typically found in skin and soft tissues; at relapse, typical sites involved include liver, kidneys, lymph nodes, central nervous system (CNS), breast, pleura, and pericardium. The reported incidence of EMD varies considerably, and differences in diagnostic approach between studies are likely to contribute to this variability. In patients with newly diagnosed MM, the reported incidence ranges from 0.5% to 4.8%, while in relapsed/refractory MM the reported incidence is 3.4 to 14%. Available data demonstrate that the prognosis is poor, and considerably worse than for MM without soft-tissue plasmacytomas. Among patients with plasmacytomas, those with EMD have poorer outcomes than those with paraskeletal involvement. CNS involvement is rare, but prognosis is even more dismal than for EMD in other locations, particularly if there is leptomeningeal involvement. Available data on treatment outcomes for EMD are derived almost entirely from retrospective studies. Some agents and combinations have shown a degree of efficacy but, as would be expected, this is less than in MM patients with no extramedullary involvement. The paucity of prospective studies makes it difficult to justify strong recommendations for any treatment approach. Prospective data from patients with clearly defined EMD are important for the optimal evaluation of treatment outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.