Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35313839›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2022

Tobacco use prevalence and its determinate factor in Ethiopia- finding of the 2016 Ethiopian GATS.

Sisay Derso Mengesha, Kirubel Tesfaye Teklu, Abel Weldetinsae, Melaku Gizaw Serte, Moa Abate Kenea, Daniel Abera Dinssa, Mesay Getachew Woldegabriel, Tsigereda Assefa Alemayehu, Wassihun Melaku Belay

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Observational
  15. Observational
  16. Observational
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sisay Derso MengeshaEthiopian Public Health Institute, Gulelle Patriot Street, P.O.Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Sisdres23@yahoo.com.
Kirubel Tesfaye TekluEthiopian Public Health Institute, Gulelle Patriot Street, P.O.Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Abel WeldetinsaeEthiopian Public Health Institute, Gulelle Patriot Street, P.O.Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Melaku Gizaw SerteEthiopian Public Health Institute, Gulelle Patriot Street, P.O.Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Moa Abate KeneaEthiopian Public Health Institute, Gulelle Patriot Street, P.O.Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Daniel Abera DinssaEthiopian Public Health Institute, Gulelle Patriot Street, P.O.Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Mesay Getachew WoldegabrielEthiopian Public Health Institute, Gulelle Patriot Street, P.O.Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Tsigereda Assefa AlemayehuEthiopian Public Health Institute, Gulelle Patriot Street, P.O.Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Wassihun Melaku BelayWorld Health organization- Country office for Ethiopia, UNECA Compound, Zambezi Building, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ethiopian Public Health Institute · ETUnited Nations Economic Commission for Africa · ET

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTobacco, one of the risk factors for non-communicable diseases, kills 8 million people each year. Like other sub-Saharan countries, Ethiopia faces the potential challenge of a tobacco epidemic. However, there is no organized data on the prevalence of tobacco use in the country. Therefore, this study aims to determine adult tobacco use in Ethiopia.

methodsThe study was conducted using the WHO and CDC GATS survey methods. Complex survey analysis was used to obtain prevalence and population estimates with 95% confidence intervals. Bivariate regression analyses were employed to examine factors related to tobacco use.

resultsThe overall tobacco use percentage was 5.0% [95% CI (3.5, 6.9)], of which 65.8% [95% CI (53.4, 76.3)] only smoked tobacco products; 22.5% [95% CI (15.7, 31.2)] used smokeless tobacco only; and 11.8% [95% CI (6.5, 20.4)] used both smoked and smokeless tobacco products. In 2016, more men adults (8.1%) used tobacco than women did (1.8%). Eight out of eleven states have a higher smoking rate than the national average (3.7%). Gender, employment, age, religion, and marital status are closely linked to current tobacco use (p-value< 0.05). Men adults who are employed, married, and mostly from Muslim society are more likely to use tobacco.

conclusionThe prevalence of tobacco use is still low in Ethiopia. However, the percentage of female smokers is increasing, and regional governments such as Afar and Gambella have a relatively high prevalence. This calls for the full implementation of tobacco control laws following the WHO MPOWER packages. A tailored tobacco control intervention targeting women, younger age groups, and regions with a high proportion of tobacco use are recommended.

Indexed as

Tobacco, SmokelessTobacco UseAdultEthiopiaFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceSmokingEthiopiaGATSNCDPredicting factorTobacco use

Identifiers

PMID35313839
PMCPMC8935848
OpenAlexW4220657740

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.