ArticleForensic science international. Genetics2022
The transitivity of the Hardy-Weinberg law.
Article in Forensic science international. Genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Exploring the Relationship Between Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Haplotype Variants, Personality, and Nicotine Usage in Women.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Investigating common mutations in ATP7B gene and the prevalence of Wilson's disease in the Thai population using population-based genome-wide datasets.Journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- Age at first sexual intercourse, age at menarche, and age at menopause: a mendelian randomization study on lung cancer risk.Translational lung cancer research · 2024Article
- Association of the PCSK6 rs1531817(C/A) polymorphism with the prognosis and coronary stenosis in premature myocardial infarction patients: a prospective cohort study.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- Newborn Screening for Inborn Errors of Metabolism by Next-Generation Sequencing Combined with Tandem Mass Spectrometry.International journal of neonatal screening · 2024Article
- Genetic relationships and low diversity among the tea-oilFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- The application of short and highly polymorphic microhaplotype loci in paternity testing and sibling testing of temperature-dependent degraded samples.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The Hardy-Weinberg law is shown to be transitive in the sense that a multi-allelic polymorphism that is in equilibrium will retain its equilibrium status if any allele together with its corresponding genotypes is deleted from the population. Similarly, the transitivity principle also applies if alleles are joined, which leads to the summation of allele frequencies and their corresponding genotype frequencies. These basic polymorphism properties are intuitive, but they have apparently not been formalized or investigated. This article provides a straightforward proof of the transitivity principle, and its usefulness in genetic data analysis is explored, using high-quality autosomal microsatellite databases from the US National Institute of Standards and Technology. We address the reduction of multi-allelic polymorphisms to variants with fewer alleles, two in the limit. Equilibrium test results obtained with the original and reduced polymorphisms are generally observed to be coherent, in particular when results obtained with length-based and sequence-based microsatellites are compared. We exploit the transitivity principle in order to identify disequilibrium-related alleles, and show its usefulness for detecting population substructure and genotyping problems that relate to null alleles and allele imbalance.
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