ArticlePain and therapy2022
Comparison the Effect of Pain Neuroscience and Pain Biomechanics Education on Neck Pain and Fear of Movement in Patients with Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Article in Pain and therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Telerehabilitation for neck pain.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and cortical mechanisms of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation in non-specific neck and low back pain: a prospective, two-center, randomized, sham-controlled fNIRS study.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Trial
- Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine for Self-Care in Chronic Neck and Shoulder Pain: A Scoping Review.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2026Review
- From didactic explanations to co-design, sequential art and embodied learning: challenges, criticisms and future directions of patient pain education.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Short- and long-term effects of musculoskeletal health education: evidence from the performing arts students.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- Quality of online video resources concerning patient education for neck pain: A YouTube-based quality-control study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSelf-management education is the basis of any intervention for persons with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Given the biopsychosocial nature of chronic musculoskeletal pain, an educational approach based on the biopsychosocial model would seem to be an appropriate educational model for the treatment of these people during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to compare the effect of pain neuroscience education (PNE) and pain biomechanics education, using online and face-to-face sessions on pain and fear of movement, in people with chronic nonspecific neck pain during COVID-19.
methodsIn this multicenter assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial, 80 patients (both male and female) with chronic nonspecific neck pain (based on the inclusion criteria of the study) participated in educational sessions (face-to-face and online) from the beginning September until the end of October 2021. The participants were randomly divided into two groups (through the selection of numbers from 1 to 80, hidden in a box), with one group receiving PNE (treatment group) and the other group receiving pain biomechanics education (control group). Pain and fear of movement before and after the intervention were measured on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, respectively. A 2 × 2 variance analysis (treatment group × time) with a mixed-model design was applied to statistically analyze the data.
resultsNo significant change in pain (P = 0.23) was observed between the two groups (P = 0.24, Cohen's d = 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] - 0.21 to 0.35), while changes in the fear of movement variable were reported to be significant (P = 0.04, Cohen's d = 0.34, 95% CI 0.11-0.51), in favor of PNE. Intra-group change was seen only in the PNE group for the fear of movement variable (P = 0.04; 14.28%↓).
conclusionIn our study population PNE did not affect the pain index, leading to the conclusion that PNE should not be used as the only treatment, but possibly in combination with other active/passive therapy to enhance the results for patients with nonspecific chronic neck pain. Moreover, online treatment may help clinicians to increase their interaction with patients during COVID-19 lockdown.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.