ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
Toll-Like Receptor Signaling and Its Role in Cell-Mediated Immunity.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 577 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
577 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 817 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Toll-like Receptor 2 Polymorphisms in Susceptibility to and Severity of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Association of vitamin D receptor genetic variants with therapeutic response in multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Opportunities and challenges for cancer immunotherapy based on antigen cross-presentation.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Adaptive Immunity in Marsupials.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2026Review
- Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI): A Comprehensive Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- TLR2 and TLR9 in Brain Cancer Patients in Relation to EBV Status.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- IRF7 Protects Against Severe Influenza A Infection Independently of TLR7 Recognition in Mice.Viruses · 2026Article
- The potential effects, mechanisms and translational perspectives of natural products in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
- Expression of Toll-like Receptors and Chemokine Receptors in the Early and Advanced Stages of HIV Infection Aggravated byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Synthetic viral RNA mimetics induce neuronal loss through microglial phagocytosis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Recent developments in cancer immuno-interception strategies.Trends in molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Toll-Like Receptors in the Mechanism of Hexabromocyclododecane-Induced Production of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Immunization with the Tc85-Derived Peptide Displayed on Virus-like Particles Confers Protection againstACS omega · 2026Article
- The role of toll-like receptors in tributyltin-, dibutyltin-, and pentachlorophenol-induced stimulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) production in human immune cells.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Ferroptosis-Based Peripheral Immune Dysregulation and Diagnostic Signatures in Parkinson's Disease: An RNA Transcriptomic and Single-Cell Immune Sequencing Analysis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- The Characterization of a New AG-II-like Glycoprotein fromCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicles fromJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Postbiotics Against Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review Bridging Preclinical Evidence with Potential Clinical Application.Cancers · 2026Review
- Dental Pulp Stem Cells for the Management of Plaque Biofilm-Associated Infections : A Review.International dental journal · 2026Review
- Reprogramming the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer via FAP-Targeted Nanoprobes for Multimodal Imaging and Photothermal Therapy.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
517 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Innate immunity is the first defense system against invading pathogens. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are well-defined pattern recognition receptors responsible for pathogen recognition and induction of innate immune responses. Since their discovery, TLRs have revolutionized the field of immunology by filling the gap between the initial recognition of pathogens by innate immune cells and the activation of the adaptive immune response. TLRs critically link innate immunity to adaptive immunity by regulating the activation of antigen-presenting cells and key cytokines. Furthermore, recent studies also have shown that TLR signaling can directly regulate the T cell activation, growth, differentiation, development, and function under diverse physiological conditions. This review provides an overview of TLR signaling pathways and their regulators and discusses how TLR signaling, directly and indirectly, regulates cell-mediated immunity. In addition, we also discuss how TLR signaling is critically important in the host's defense against infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.