ArticleFrontiers in medicine2022
A Positive Fluid Balance in the First Week Was Associated With Increased Long-Term Mortality in Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fluid balance and mortality in adult ICU patients with sepsis or septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Pooled it
- Critical Care Ultrasonography for Volume Management: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Trials.Critical care explorations · 2025Pooled it
- Severe adverse clinical impacts are predicted by an early high positive fluid balance in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Analysis of the impact of maternal sepsis on pregnancy outcomes: a population-based retrospective study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Two-year survival after scheduled extubation in patients with pneumonia or ARDS: a prospective observational study.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Observational
- Complications during Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Fluid Responsiveness Is Associated with Successful Weaning after Liver Transplant Surgery.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Revisiting Post-ICU Admission Fluid Balance Across Pediatric Sepsis Mortality Risk Strata: A Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Observational Cohort Study.Critical care explorations · 2024Article
- Article
- Early Postoperative Volume Overload is a Predictor of 1-Year Post-Transplant Mortality in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients.Pediatric cardiology · 2023Article
- Hemodynamic and Rhythmologic Effects of Push-Dose Landiolol in Critical Care-A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Association Between Absolute Lymphocyte Count and Long-Term Mortality in Critically Ill Medical Patients: Propensity Score-Based Analyses.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Early fluid balance has been found to affect short-term mortality in critically ill patients; however, there is little knowledge regarding the association between early cumulative fluid balance (CFB) and long-term mortality. This study aims to determine the distinct association between CFB day 1-3 (CFB 1-3) and day 4-7 (CFB 4-7) and long-term mortality in critically ill patients. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at Taichung Veterans General Hospital, a tertiary care referral center in central Taiwan, by linking the hospital critical care data warehouse 2015-2019 and death registry data of the Taiwanese National Health Research Database. The patients followed up until deceased or the end of the study on 31 December 2019. We use the log-rank test to examine the association between CFB 1-3 and CFB 4-7 with long-term mortality and multivariable Cox regression to identify independent predictors during index admission for long-term mortality in critically ill patients. Results: A total of 4,610 patients were evaluated. The mean age was 66.4 ± 16.4 years, where 63.8% were men. In patients without shock, a positive CFB 4-7, but not CFB 1-3, was associated with 1-year mortality, while a positive CFB 1-3 and CFB 4-7 had a consistent and excess hazard of 1-year mortality among critically ill patients with shock. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model identified that CFB 1-3 and CFB 4-7 (with per 1-liter increment, HR: 1.047 and 1.094; 95% CI 1.037-1.058 and 1.080-1.108, respectively) were independently associated with high long-term mortality in critically ill patients after adjustment of relevant covariates, including disease severity and the presence of shock. Conclusions: We found that the fluid balance in the first week, especially on days 4-7, appears to be an early predictor for long-term mortality in critically ill patients. More studies are needed to validate our findings and elucidate underlying mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.