ReviewResearch and reports in tropical medicine2022
The Burden of Typhoid Fever in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Perspective.
Review in Research and reports in tropical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Typhoid conjugate vaccines for preventing typhoid fever (enteric fever).The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- High False-Positivity Rates of Widal Rapid Diagnostic Tests Compared to the Quantitative Tube Method for Salmonella typhi Detection in the Northern Region of Ghana.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Article
- Age-Related and Seasonal Variation in Malaria and Other Causes of Fever and Their Association With Clinical Outcomes in Southern Angola: A Hospital-Based Study.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Article
- Development of an aptamer-based rapid diagnostic assay forMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- The Potential of Bioinformatics in Revolutionizing Disease Diagnosis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis complicating typhoid fever: A case report from Senegal.IDCases · 2026Article
- Preclinical evaluation of a bivalent conjugate vaccine againstFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- High prevalence of multi-drug resistant H58 Salmonella Typhi and emerging fluoroquinolone resistance among febrile children in Nairobi County, Kenya.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Typhoid Fever in Ghana: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Seroprevalence of Typhoid Fever and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Clinically Diagnosed Febrile Patients Visiting the Outpatient Department at Debark Hospital and Drug Susceptibility Patterns of Isolates.BioMed research international · 2025Article
- Exogenous cystine increases susceptibility of drug-resistantFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Acute generalized peritonitis in children: A 7-year retrospective study of epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic profiles in southeastern Morocco and 2-year forecast.Journal of education and health promotion · 2025Article
- Analysis of the Epidemiological Profile of Typhoid Fever in the State of Pará Between the Years 1999 and 2018.International journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Fighting the enemy within: Systemic immune defense against mucosal Salmonella infection.Immunology letters · 2024Review
- Environmental surveillance for Salmonella Typhi in rivers and wastewater from an informal sewage network in Blantyre, Malawi.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Genomic Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Enteric Bacteria from Healthy Children in Osun State, Nigeria.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Old tools, new applications: Use of environmental bacteriophages for typhoid surveillance and evaluating vaccine impact.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 11 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While typhoid fever has largely been eliminated in high-income regions which have developed modern water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities, it remains a significant public health burden resulting in morbidity and mortality among millions of individuals in resource-constrained settings. Prevention and control efforts are needed that integrate several high-impact interventions targeting facilities and infrastructure, including those addressing improvements in sanitation, access to safe water, and planned urbanization, together with parallel efforts directed at effective strategies for use of typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV). The use of TCVs is a critical tool with the potential of having a rapid impact on typhoid fever disease burden; their introduction will also serve as an important strategy to combat evolving antimicrobial resistance to currently available typhoid fever treatments. Well-designed epidemiological surveillance studies play a critical role in establishing the need for, and monitoring the impact of, typhoid fever control and prevention strategies implemented by public health authorities. Here, we present a perspective based on a narrative review of the impact of typhoid fever on morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa and discuss ongoing surveillance activities and the role of vaccination in prevention and control efforts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.