SynthesisFrontiers in nutrition2022
Intake of Soy, Soy Isoflavones and Soy Protein and Risk of Cancer Incidence and Mortality.
Synthesis in Frontiers in nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of soy protein and soy isoflavones intake on chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Soy Isoflavones on Measures of Estrogenicity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of prospective evidence linking non-alcoholic fermented food consumption with lower mortality risk.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Risk factors for gastric cancer: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Intricate roles of estrogen and estrogen receptors in digestive system cancers: a systematic review.Cancer biology & medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Associations of soy product intake with all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study and updated meta-analyses.European journal of nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Four Spices Differentially Modulate Roasted Beef Patty Quality and Fluorescent ALEs Formation via Carbonyl Precursors.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Natural Products in Prostate Cancer: Crosstalk Among the Gut Microbiome, Androgen Receptor Signaling, and Epigenetic Regulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A Retrospective Cohort Study of Uterine Cancer Epidemiological Analysis and Age-Based Disparities in Saudi Arabian Population across 32 Years.Saudi medical journal · 2026Article
- Biological activities and therapeutic potential of soy isoflavones: a focus on anticancer activity.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Impact of one-year soy protein supplementation on serum metabolomic profiles: results from a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in prostate cancer patients.Nutrition and food science · 2026Article
- Genistein and Butein as Bioactive Polyphenols: Molecular Targets, Metabolic Regulation, and Mechanistic Insights.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Anti-Obesity Effects of Soy Peptides In Vivo: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Association Between EGFR Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Dietary Legume Intake.Current drug targets · 2026Article
- Associations between dietary protein intake and liver cancer risk: findings from two population-based cohorts in China.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota-driven diseases and intervention strategies - lessons from China.NPJ science of food · 2025Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Aims: Associations between soy intake and risk of cancer have been evaluated in prospective observational studies with inconsistent results. Whether the potential anticancer effects offered by soy were attributed to soy isoflavones and soy protein still needs to be elucidated. This study aimed to comprehensively quantify the association of soy, soy isoflavones and soy protein intake with risk of cancer incidence and cancer mortality by conducting a meta-analysis of all available studies. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to 16 September 2021. Prospective cohort studies that examined the effect of soy, soy isoflavones and soy protein on cancer incidence and cancer mortality were identified. Random-effects models were used to pool the multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The potential dose-response relations were explored by using generalized least-squares trend estimation. Results: Eighty one prospective cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis. A higher intake of soy was significantly associated with a 10% reduced risk of cancer incidence (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.96). Each additional 25 g/d soy intake decreased the risk of cancer incidence by 4%. Intake of soy isoflavones was inversely associated with risk of cancer incidence (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89-0.99), whereas no significant association was observed for soy protein. The risk of cancer incidence was reduced by 4% with each 10 mg/d increment of soy isoflavones intake. Similar inverse associations were also found for soy in relation to site-specific cancers, particularly lung cancer (RR, 0.67; 95%CI, 0.52-0.86) and prostate cancer (RR, 0.88; 95%CI, 0.78-0.99). However, high intake of soy, soy isoflavones and soy protein were not associated with cancer mortality. Conclusions: Higher intake of soy and soy isoflavones were inversely associated with risk of cancer incidence, which suggested that the beneficial role of soy against cancer might be primarily attributed to soy isoflavones. These findings support recommendations to include soy as part of a healthy dietary pattern for the prevention of cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.