SynthesisTravel medicine and infectious disease
Systematic review of COVID-19 and autoimmune thyroiditis.
Synthesis in Travel medicine and infectious disease. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Thyroid function during COVID-19 and post-COVID complications in adults: a systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- COVID-19 induced type 1 diabetes: A systematic review of case reports and series.The Journal of international medical research · 2023Pooled it
- Causal associations between thyroid dysfunction and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Graves' disease following vaccination against SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review of the reported cases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Could increased thiamazole sales among children in Belgium during the pandemic indicate a surge in Graves' disease cases?Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- The role of COVID-19 infection and vaccination in the induction of anti-TPO antibodies and the potential impact on developing thyroid disease.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Endocrine disorders following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: a comprehensive systematic review.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2026Article
- Emerging evidence from China indicates SARS- COV-2 may be associated with newly diagnosed Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a clinical study of 54 patients with COVID-19 complicated by newly diagnosed disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Long-term risk of incident autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 in patients with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter propensity score-matched cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Pediatric autoimmune diseases in the light of COVID-19 pandemic, A retrospective observational big data study.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Article
- Assessing the Causal Association Between COVID-19 and Graves Disease: Mendelian Randomization Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Concomitant Exacerbation of Graves Orbitopathy and Double-Seronegative Myasthenia Gravis after SARS-CoV-2 Infection.JCEM case reports · 2025Article
- Late-Induced Autoimmune Disorders Post-COVID-19 Vaccination/Infection: Case Report From Iran.Case reports in medicine · 2025Article
- From infection to autoimmunity: can COVID-19 spark new auto-immune conditions?Respiratory medicine case reports · 2025Article
- Association of COVID-19 with thyroid dysfunction and autoimmune thyroid disease: A retrospective cohort study.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2024Article
- The interlink between thyroid autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes and the impact on male and female fertility.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2024Review
- Diagnostic features of autoimmune hepatitis in SARS‑CoV‑2‑vaccinated vs. unvaccinated individuals.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Article
- COVID-19 severity, breakthrough infections and vaccine safety in young individuals with autoimmune diseases: insights from the COVAD study.Rheumatology international · 2024Article
- Thyroiditis and COVID-19: focus on pediatric age. A narrative review.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Review
- Subacute Thyroiditis Following COVID-19: A Case of Diagnostic Challenge in the Absence of Neck Pain.Cureus · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory syndrome. Recent reports showed that autoimmune thyroiditis might occur following COVID-19 infection. We aimed to review the literature to assess the prevalence, clinical features and outcome of autoimmune thyroid disorders triggered by COVID-19. We reviewed case reports, case series, and observational studies of autoimmune thyroiditis including Graves' disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, and silent thyroiditis developed in COVID-19 patients by searching PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science and included in the systematic review. Our search yielded no prevalence study. We noted 20 reported cases: Fourteen cases of Graves' disease, 5 cases of hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis and one case of postpartum thyroiditis. The majority (16/20, 80%) were middle-aged (mean age: 40 years) female patients. Autoimmune thyroiditis was diagnosed either concomitantly or 7-90 days after the COVID-19 infection. Eight out of 14 cases with Graves' disease had a known thyroid disorder and they were stable in remission. One out of 5 cases with Hashimoto's thyroiditis had known prior hypothyroidism. The majority of the patients achieved remission within 3 months. One patient with thyroid storm due to Graves' disease and one patient with myxedema coma have died. Current data suggest that COVID-19 may cause autoimmune thyroid disease or exacerbate the underlying thyroid disease in remission. It is reasonable to routinely assess the thyroid functions both in the acute phase and during the convalescence so as not to overlook a thyroid disorder and not to delay treatment especially in patients with preexisting autoimmune thyroid diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.