Trial reportStroke2022
Effect of Deferoxamine on Trajectory of Recovery After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Post Hoc Analysis of the i-DEF Trial.
Trial report in Stroke, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02175225 (Study of Deferoxamine Mesylate in Intracerebral Hemorrhage), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Study of Deferoxamine Mesylate in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed.
- Early neurological improvement with deferoxamine after intracerebral hemorrhage: A post hoc analysis of the i-DEF trial.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2025Trial
- Insights into the Complexities of Pharmacotherapy Parameters in Artificial Intelligence Models for Drug Selection, Precision Personalised Medicine and Optimal Therapeutic Outcomes.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Astrocyte-Microglia Crosstalk in Post-Hemorrhagic Neurovascular Microenvironment: Mechanistic Nodes, Cross-Stroke Comparisons, and Therapeutic Reprogramming.Translational stroke research · 2026Review
- The therapeutic opportunities and pitfalls of using iron ion chelators to treat neurodegenerative diseases.FEBS letters · 2026Review
- Postoperative Neurocritical Care After Minimally Invasive Evacuation of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2026Review
- Iron chelation targets lipid metabolism to reduce white matter injury in germinal matrix hemorrhage.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- The role of stem cells and their engineering strategies in the repair of nerve damage in intracerebral hemorrhage.Cell & bioscience · 2026Review
- Ironing out mechanisms of ferroptotic death to tailor new stroke therapies.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Minimally Invasive Evacuation for Spontaneous Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage After Contemporary Randomized Trials: Patient Selection, Timing, and Platform Choice.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2026Review
- Iron-driven secondary injury after intracranial hemorrhage: mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Hematoma Resorption in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Translational Overview on Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Innovative Therapies.Translational stroke research · 2025Review
- Review
- [The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid lipid peroxidation in ferroptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage: a review of mecha-nisms and therapeutic implications].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2025Review
- Harnessing Mitochondrial Function for Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: Unlocking Antioxidant Power.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- New Approaches and Strategies for the Repurposing of Iron Chelating/Antioxidant Drugs for Diseases of Free Radical Pathology in Medicine.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Sex-specific hemoglobin thresholds and longitudinal trajectories in intracerebral hemorrhage outcomes: a multicenter cohort study.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Deferoxamine for Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage: A Pilot Study on Neurological and Radiological Outcomes.Korean journal of neurotrauma · 2025Article
- Oxidized Carbon Nanoparticles Enhance Cellular Energetics With Application to Injured Brain.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Cinnamaldehyde and its combination with deferoxamine ameliorate inflammation, ferroptosis and hematoma expansion after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- New targets in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.Current opinion in neurology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere are limited data on the trajectory of recovery and long-term functional outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Most ICH trials have conventionally assessed outcomes at 3 months following the footsteps of ischemic stroke. The i-DEF trial (Intracerebral Hemorrhage Deferoxamine Trial) assessed modified Rankin Scale (mRS) longitudinally at prespecified time points from day 7 through the end of the 6-month follow-up period. We evaluated the trajectory of mRS among trial participants and examined the effect of deferoxamine on this trajectory.
methodsWe performed a post hoc analysis of the i-DEF trial, a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, futility-design, phase 2 clinical trial, based on the actual treatment received. Favorable outcome was defined as mRS score of 0-2. A generalized linear mixed model was used to evaluate the outcome trajectory over time, as well as whether the trajectory was altered by deferoxamine, after adjustments for randomization variables, presence of intraventricular hemorrhage, and ICH location.
resultsA total of 291 subjects were included in analysis (145 placebo and 146 deferoxamine). The proportion of patients with mRS score of 0-2 continually increased from day 7 to 180 in both groups (interaction
conclusionsA large proportion of patients continue to improve up to 6 months after ICH. Future ICH trials should assess outcomes past 90 days for a minimum of 6 months. In i-DEF, treatment with deferoxamine seemed to accelerate and alter the trajectory of recovery as assessed by mRS. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov; Unique identifier: NCT02175225.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.