ArticleHealth policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2022
Health and healthcare variables associated with Italy's excess mortality during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: An ecological study.
Article in Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Excess Mortality and Containment Performance During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From 34 Countries.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Blockchain adoption challenges in the healthcare sector: a waste management perspective.Operations management research : advancing practice through research · 2025Article
- Measuring the Impact of Future Outbreaks? A Secondary Analysis of Routinely Available Data in Spain.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Excess Mortality among Physicians and Dentists during COVID-19 in Italy: A Cross-Sectional Study Related to a High-Risk Territory.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundHealthcare factors have strongly influenced the propagation of COVID-19. This study aims to examine whether excess mortality during the first phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy was associated with health, healthcare, demographic, and socioeconomic, provincial-level indicators.
methodsThis ecological study concerns the raw number of deaths reported from February 1 to April 30, 2020 and the mean number of deaths occurred during the same months from 2015 to 2019, per province. Information on socioeconomic factors and healthcare settings was extracted from updated databases on the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT) website. A multivariate model and four multilevel models were constructed to test the association between excess mortality and the analysed indicators across 107 Italian provinces.
resultsThe hospitalization rate in long-term care wards and the cardiovascular disease mortality rate correlate positively with excess mortality (p <0.05), while higher densities of licensed physicians and of general practitioners are associated with lower excess mortality (p <0.05). After controlling for the COVID-19 cumulative incidence in each province, only the density of licensed physicians remains negatively associated with excess mortality (p <0.01).
conclusionSome health and healthcare variables (in particular, the density of physicians) are strongly associated with excess mortality during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy and should be targeted to increase the resilience of health systems.
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