ArticleScientific reports2022
Cold plasma enamel surface treatment to increase fluoride varnish uptake.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Influence of cold plasma activation on fluoride uptake and demineralization of enamel.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Cold Atmospheric Plasma in Pediatric Dentistry: A Paradigm Shift toward Antibiotic-free Minimally Invasive Care.International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry · 2026Review
- Intraoral applicability of plasma-activated water: antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, and effects on tooth structure.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Factors Affecting Fluoride Release from Fluoride Varnishes: A Systematic Review.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Combination of Cold Helium Plasma with Fluoride Varnish to Improve Enamel Surface Protection.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Effects of Nanohydroxyapatite with and without Low-Power Laser and Cold Atmospheric Plasma on Enamel Remineralization:Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran) · 2025Article
- Erosion-inhibiting potential of the stannous fluoride-enriched CPP-ACP complex in vitro.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Improving the efficiency of crossbred Pradu Hang Dam chicken production for meat consumption using cold plasma technology on eggs.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Among the available methods of enamel strengthening, fluoride varnish (FV) treatment has relatively better results. On the other hand, cold plasma technology has shown promising capacities in sterilizing the environment, surface modification, and improving adhesion. Accordingly, this study aimed to increase the adhesion of FV to the enamel surface to prolong the enamel interaction with FV with subsequently increased fluoride uptake by enamel. Emphasizing that the change in adhesion is evidence-based and has not been explicitly measured. For this purpose, we randomly divided twenty bovine teeth into two groups A (consisting of four teeth) and B (composed of four subgroups, each containing four teeth). Samples of group A and one specimen of each subset B investigated the effect of using Helium-DBD (He-DBDJ), Argon (ArJ), and Air-DBD jet on the enamel surface. Other B specimens are devoted to studying the release of FV fluoride ions from processed enamel. Two diagnostic techniques, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), have been utilized to examine the samples' surface morphology and chemical analysis, respectively. Finally, the release of fluoride ions into distilled water was measured by an ion-selective electrode (ISE). SEM images showed that ArJ and Air-DBD significantly damaged enamel hexagonal structures, whereas, in the case of He-DBDJ, the hexagonal structures have only altered from convex to concave. EDX indicated an increase in calcium to phosphorus ratio and the amount of fluoride and sodium uptake on the enamel surface layer in the group processed with He-DBDJ plasma. The latter helps restore the damaged parts of the enamel. Analysis of fluoride released from the FV did not show a significant change owing to plasma processing (P ≤ 0.112). The combination of cold plasma and fluoride varnish treatment on the enamel surface might be considered as a more promising approach to increasing enamel resistance to tooth decay.
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