Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35303854›Full record

ArticleNutrition journal2022

Global burden and inequality of iron deficiency: findings from the Global Burden of Disease datasets 1990-2017.

Mengying Wang, He Gao, Jianing Wang, Chenliang Cao, Xiaoling Ying, Yingming Wei, Zhiying Yu, Jie Shao, Hengjin Dong, Min Yang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrition journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Mengying WangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
He GaoDepartment of Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Linping Campus, Hangzhou, China.
Jianing WangNutritional Department, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China.
Chenliang CaoSports Nutrition Center, National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing, China.
Xiaoling YingDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Yingming WeiDepartment of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Zhiying YuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Jie ShaoDepartment of Pediatric Health Care Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China. haojie@zju.edu.cn.
Hengjin DongCenter for Health Policy Studies, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. donghj@zju.edu.cn.
Min YangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. ymin36@zju.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0001-9487-6828

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIron deficiency (ID) impairs patient physical activity, recognition and life quality, which is difficult to perceive but should not be underestimated. Worldwide efforts have been made to lower ID burden, however, whether it decreased equally in different regions and sexes is unclear. This study is to examine regional and sex inequalities in global ID from 1990 to 2017.

methodsWe conducted a longitudinal, comparative burden-of-disease study. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of ID were obtained from Global Burden of Disease Report 2017. Human Development Index (HDI) data were obtained from Human Development Report 2017. Gini coefficient and the concentration index were calculated to assess the equities in global burden of ID.

resultsA downward trend of global ID burden (from 569.3 (95% Uncertainty Interval [UI]: 387.8-815.6) to 403.0 (95% UI: 272.4-586.6), p < 0.001), age-adjusted DALYs per 100,000 population) but an uptrend of its inequalities (from 0.366 to 0.431, p < 0.001, Gini coefficients) was observed between 1990 and 2017. ID burden was heavier in women than that in men ([age-adjusted DALYs per 100,000 population from 742.2 to 514.3] vs [from 398.5 to 291.9]), but its inequalities were higher in men since 1990. The between-sex gap of ID burden was narrowed with higher HDI (β =  - 364.11, p < 0.001). East Asia & Pacific and South Asia regions made a big stride for ID control in both sexes over decades [age-adjusted DALYs per 100,000 population from 378.7 (95% UI: 255.8-551.7) in 1990 to 138.9 (95%UI: 91.8-206.5) in 2017], while a heavy burden among Sub-Saharan African men was persistent[age-adjusted DALYs per 100,000 population, 572.5 (95% UI: 385.3-815) in 1990 and 562.6 (95% UI: 367.9-833.3) in 2017].

conclusionsRedistributing attention and resources to help countries with low HDI, especially take care of women with low socioeconomic status (SES) and men under high ID burden may help hold back the expanding ID inequality.

Indexed as

Iron DeficienciesPersons with DisabilitiesFemaleGlobal Burden of DiseaseGlobal HealthHumansMaleQuality-Adjusted Life YearsEqualityGlobal burden of diseaseIron deficiencyMicronutrient deficiencySex differenceSocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID35303854
PMCPMC8933942

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.