Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35303460›Full record

Trial reportThe Lancet. Global health2022

Village-integrated eye workers for prevention of corneal ulcers in Nepal (VIEW study): a cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Kieran S O'Brien, Raghunandan Byanju, Ram P Kandel, Bimal Poudyal, John A Gonzales, Travis C Porco, John P Whitcher, Muthiah Srinivasan, Madan Upadhyay, Thomas M Lietman and 2 more

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The Lancet. Global health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01969786 naactive not recruitingnot on this map

Village Integrated Eye Workers Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2014 to 2026Enrolled223,671ConditionsCorneal UlcerArmsCorneal ulcer prevention program
NCT07443683 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Assessing The Effectiveness Of Eye Health Orientation On Service Uptake: A Study Among Female Health Volunteers In Sudurpashchim Province, Nepal

TypeinterventionalSponsorSeva Canada SocietyRan2026 to 2026Enrolled149ConditionsFemale Community Health Volunteers, Eye DisordersArmsEducational Session
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Kieran S O'BrienFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Raghunandan ByanjuBharatpur Eye Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal.
Ram P KandelBharatpur Eye Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal; Seva Foundation Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Seva Foundation Kathmandu, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Bimal PoudyalBharatpur Eye Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal.
John A GonzalesFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Travis C PorcoFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
John P WhitcherFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Muthiah SrinivasanAravind Eye Care System, Madurai, India.
Madan UpadhyayBP Eye Foundation, Children's Hospital for Eye, Ear, and Rehabilitation Services (CHEERS), Kathmandu, Nepal.
Thomas M LietmanFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jeremy D KeenanFrancis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: jeremy.keenan@ucsf.edu.
Village-Integrated Eye Worker Trial Group
Biratnagar Eye Hospital · NPAravind Eye Hospital · INTilganga Institute of Ophthalmology · NPUniversity of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Village Integrated Eye Workers TrialU10EY022880 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI LIETMAN, THOMAS M · 2013 to 2017
$2.3M
NEI NIH HHS U10 EY022880
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCorneal ulcers are a common cause of blindness in low-income and middle-income countries, usually resulting from traumatic corneal abrasions during agricultural work. Antimicrobial prophylaxis of corneal abrasions can help prevent corneal ulcers, but delays in the initiation of therapy are frequent. We aimed to assess whether a community-based programme for corneal ulcer prevention would reduce the incidence of corneal ulceration.

methodsA cluster-randomised trial was performed in village development committees (VDCs) in Nepal. VDCs in the catchment area of Bharatpur Eye Hospital, Nepal with less than 15 000 people were eligible for inclusion. We randomly assigned (1:1) VDCs to either an intervention group or a control group. In the intervention VDCs, existing female community health volunteers (FCHVs) were trained to diagnose corneal abrasions and provide a 3-day course of ophthalmic antimicrobials to their patients. In the control VDCs, FCHVs did not provide this intervention. Participants were not masked given the nature of the intervention. Both groups were followed up for 3 years for photographic evidence of corneal ulceration. The primary outcome was the incidence of corneal ulceration, determined by masked assessment of corneal photographs. The analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01969786.

findingsWe assessed 112 VDCs, of which 24 were enrolled. The study was performed between Feb 4, 2014, and Oct 20, 2017. 12 VDCs were randomly assigned to the intervention group and 12 to the control group. 252 539 individuals were included in the study (130 579 in the intervention group and 121 960 in the control group). FCHVs diagnosed and provided antimicrobials for 4777 corneal abrasions. The census identified 289 corneal ulcers among 246 893 person-years in the intervention group (incidence 1·21 cases [95% CI 0·85-1·74] per 1000 person-years) and 262 corneal ulcers among 239 170 person-years in the control group (incidence 1·18 cases [0·82-1·70] per 1000 person-years; incidence rate ratio 1·03 [95% CI 0·63-1·67]; p=0·93). Medication allergy was self-reported in 0·2% of participants.

interpretationWe did not detect a reduction in the incidence of corneal ulceration during the first 3 years of a community-based corneal ulcer prevention programme. Further study might be warranted in more rural areas where basic eye care facilities are not available.

fundingNational Eye Institute.

Indexed as

Community Health WorkersAgricultural Workers' DiseasesCluster AnalysisCorneal InjuriesCorneal UlcerFemaleHumansNepalVolunteers

Identifiers

PMID35303460
PMCPMC9814976
OpenAlexW4221103192

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.