ArticlePloS one2022
Internalizing symptoms and family functioning predict adolescent depressive symptoms during COVID-19: A longitudinal study in a community sample.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Empirical Evidence for the Developmental Origins of Autonomic Stress Regulation: An Attachment Account.Developmental psychobiology · 2026Article
- Executive Functioning and Mental Health in Adolescent Kidney Transplant Candidates During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Pediatric transplantation · 2025Article
- First-Year Psychiatric Outcome of Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Longitudinal Controlled Study.Journal of neurotrauma · 2025Article
- Changes in psychiatric admissions in the first year of COVID-19 in Ontario, Canada.International journal of mental health systems · 2025Article
- The Relationship between Family Functioning, Emotional Intelligence, Loneliness, Social Support, and Depressive Symptoms among Undergraduate Students.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prenatal maternal Inflammation, childhood cognition and adolescent depressive symptoms.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Psychological distress, wellbeing and resilience: modelling adolescent mental health profiles during the COVID-19 pandemic.Discover mental health · 2024Article
- Depression Rates in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Data From the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2024Article
- Manifest anxiety and quality of life in schoolchildren with ADHD during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2023Article
- Caregiver Perceptions of Children's and Adolescents' Psychosocial Functioning During the Stringent COVID-19 Lockdown Restrictions in Shanghai: Cross-sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Article
- Parental and Pandemic Burnout, Internalizing Symptoms, and Parent-Adolescent Relationships: A Network Analysis.Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment · 2023Article
- Article
- Family functioning buffers the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for children's quality of life and loneliness.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown pose a threat for adolescents' mental health, especially for those with an earlier vulnerability. Accordingly, these adolescents may need increased support from family and friends. This study investigated whether family functioning and peer connectedness protects adolescents with earlier internalizing or externalizing symptoms from increased depressive symptoms during the first Dutch COVID-19 lockdown in a low-risk community sample.
methodsThis sample comprised 115 adolescents (Mage = 13.06; 44% girls) and their parents (N = 111) and is part of an ongoing prospective study on child development. Internalizing and externalizing symptoms were self-reported a year before the COVID-19 lockdown. In an online survey during the first Dutch lockdown (April-May 2020), adolescents reported depressive symptoms and perceived peer connectedness, and parents reported family functioning.
resultsTwenty-four percent of adolescents reported clinically relevant symptoms of depression during the first COVID-19 lockdown. Depressive symptoms were significantly predicted by earlier internalizing, but not externalizing symptoms. Furthermore, higher quality of family functioning, but not peer connectedness, predicted fewer adolescent depressive symptoms. Family functioning and peer connectedness did not moderate the link between pre-existing internalizing symptoms and later depressive symptoms.
conclusionsIn a low-risk community sample, one-in-four adolescents reported clinically relevant depressive symptoms at the first COVID-19 lockdown. Higher earlier internalizing symptoms and lower quality of family functioning increased risks. These results indicate that even in low-risk samples, a substantial group of adolescents and their families are vulnerable during times of crisis.
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