ArticleDeutsches Arzteblatt international2022
Oral Drugs Against COVID-19.
Article in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics and safety of the SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibitor RAY1216: a phase 1 study in healthy participants.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Trial
- Nanodrug Delivery Systems for Lower Respiratory Infections: Pulmonary Targeting, Anti-Infective Applications, and Translational Challenges.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- IPNA clinical practice recommendations on care of pediatric patients with pre-existing kidney disease during seasonal outbreak of COVID-19.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Recent Advancements in the Delivery of Therapeutic Agents Targeting RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase of SARS-CoV-2.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Ritonavir: 25 Years' Experience of Concomitant Medication Management. A Narrative Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Review
- Azvudine versus paxlovid for oral treatment of COVID-19 in Chinese patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Paxlovid Involving CYP3A Enzymes and P-gp Transporter: An Overview of Clinical Data.Current drug metabolism · 2024Review
- Real-World Evidence of the Top 100 Prescribed Drugs in the USA and Their Potential for Drug Interactions with Nirmatrelvir; Ritonavir.The AAPS journal · 2023Article
- Review
- In Reply.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2022Article
- Additional Points.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2022Article
- Long-COVID, Metabolic and Endocrine Disease.Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme · 2022Article
- Recommendations for the Outpatient Drug Treatment of Patients With COVID-19.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFive-day oral therapies against early COVID-19 infection have recently been conditionally approved in Europe. In the drug combination nirmatrelvir + ritonavir (nirmatrelvir/r), the active agent, nirmatrelvir, is made bioavailable in clinically adequate amounts by the additional administration of a potent inhibitor of its first-pass metabolism by way of cytochrome P450 [CYP] 3A in the gut and liver. In view of the central role of CYP3A in the clearance of many different kinds of drugs, and the fact that many patients with COVID-19 are taking multiple drugs to treat other conditions, it is important to assess the potential for drug interactions when nirmatrelvir/r is given, and to minimize the risks associated with such interactions.
methodsWe defined the interaction profile of ritonavir on the basis of information derived from two databases (Medline, GoogleScholar), three standard electronic texts on drug interactions, and manufacturer-supplied drug information. We compiled a list of drugs and their potentially relevant interactions, developed a risk min - imization algorithm, and applied it to the substances in question. We also compiled a list of commonly prescribed drugs for which there is no risk of interaction with nirmatrelvir/r.
resultsOut of 190 drugs and drug combinations, 57 do not need any special measures when given in combination with brief, low-dose ritonavir treatment, while 15 require dose modification or a therapeutic alternative, 8 can be temporarily discontinued, 9 contraindicate ritonavir use, and 102 should preferably be combined with a different treatment.
conclusionWe have proposed measures that are simple to carry out for the main types of drug that can interact with ritonavir. These measures can be implemented under quarantine conditions before starting a 5-day treatment with nirmatrelvir/r.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.