Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35302421›Full record

ArticleJournal of orthodontics2022

Postgraduate student perceptions of face-to-face and distance education in orthodontics: A cross-sectional qualitative study.

Olivia Johnson King, Fiona Ryan, Susan Cunningham

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of orthodontics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. A Comparative Analysis of Orthodontic Medical Education and Physician Training Models: China Versus America and European Countries.European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Olivia Johnson KingUniversity College London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0339-401X
Fiona RyanUniversity College London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.
Susan CunninghamUniversity College London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate postgraduate student perceptions of face-to-face and distance education on a three-year programme in orthodontics.

designCross-sectional qualitative study.

settingUCL Eastman Dental Institute, London.

participantsA total of 25 current postgraduate orthodontic students in the first, second and third years of training were included in this study.

methodsPostgraduate student perceptions were obtained by conducting online focus groups on Zoom Video Communications Inc. A focus group topic guide was developed, and a facilitator was trained to host the focus groups. There were separate focus groups for each year group, with a maximum of five participants in each group. The focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were assessed by all members of the research team and analysed using a thematic content analysis, with a framework approach to identify themes and subthemes regarding perceptions of distance and face-to-face education.

resultsA total of 25 students participated. Six key themes were identified relating to student perceptions of face-to-face and distance education: (1) social support network; (2) technology; (3) learning experience; (4) education environment; (5) interpersonal interactions; and (6) effective teaching/learning. There were perceived benefits and drawbacks for both modes of teaching delivery. In particular, students highlighted the importance of reliable technology, peer support and accessibility of educational resources for their academic learning. Students favoured a blended approach to learning where practical skills were taught in person and some theoretical aspects taught remotely.

conclusionThe results aid the understanding of how educational tools and digital technology can enrich the student academic experience. The results provide important information for the future development and delivery of orthodontic postgraduate education.

Indexed as

Education, DistanceOrthodonticsCross-Sectional StudiesHumansLearningStudentsdistance educationface-to-face educationorthodontic educationpostgraduate student

Identifiers

PMID35302421
PMCPMC9421199

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.