ArticleBMC ophthalmology2022
Effect of anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy on the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- 12. Retinopathy, Neuropathy, and Foot Care: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Heterogeneity in the development of diabetes-related complications: narrative review of the roles of ancestry and geographical determinants.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Exploring the correlations between six serological inflammatory markers and different stages of type 2 diabetic retinopathy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: an observational study of 77 681 patients from the Swedish National Diabetes Registry.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2024Observational
- Aspirin intake is not associated with diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema: A report from the Fushun diabetic retinopathy cohort study.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundWe investigated whether antiplatelet/anticoagulant (APAC) therapy can protect patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from the development or progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR).
methodsThis is a retrospective cohort study using Longitudinal Health Insurance Database in Taiwan. A total of 73,964 type 2 diabetic patients older than 20 years old were included. Hazard ration (HR) of non-proliferative DR (NPDR), proliferative DR (PDR), and diabetic macular edema (DME) were analyzed with APAC usage as a time-dependent covariate. Age, sex, comorbidities, and medicines were further adjusted in a multi-variable model. Contributions of respective APAC was investigated with sensitivity analysis.
resultsCompared with nonusers, APAC users had a lower cumulative incidence of NPDR (P < 0.001), overall incidence of NPDR (10.7 per 1000 person-years), and risk of developing NPDR (adjusted HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.73-0.83). However, no significant differences were observed between APAC users and nonusers in the risks of PDR or DME. Hypertension, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy were risk factors for NDPR development, while heart disease, cardiovascular disease, peripheral arterial occlusive disease, and statin usage were covariates decreasing NPDR development. Aspirin and Dipyridamole showed significant protection against NPDR development. Clopidogrel, Ticlopidine, and warfarin showed enhanced protection in combination with aspirin usage.
conclusionsAPAC medications have a protective effect against NPDR development. Diabetic patients benefit from single use of aspirin or dipyridamole on prevention of NPDR.
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