Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35299006›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2022

Gender-specific correlates of nonmedical use of prescription medications in a diverse primary care sample.

Taylor B Crouch, Caitlin E Martin, Kathryn Polak, Wally Smith, Pamela Dillon, Steve Ondersma, Dace Svikis

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Taylor B CrouchDepartment of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA; Institute for Women's Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA. Electronic address: taylor.crouch@vcuhealth.org.
Caitlin E MartinDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA; Virginia Commonwealth University Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, USA.
Kathryn PolakVirginia Commonwealth University Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, USA; Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.
Wally SmithDepartment of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA.
Pamela DillonSchool of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.
Steve OndersmaDivision of Public Health and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, USA.
Dace SvikisInstitute for Women's Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA; Virginia Commonwealth University Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, USA.
Virginia Commonwealth University · USMichigan State University · US

Funding

Computer vs Therapist-Delivered Brief Intervention for Drug Abuse in Primary CareR01DA026091 · NIDA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI SVIKIS, DACE S · 2008 to 2012
$2.9M
Adaptation and Refinement of a Clinically Applicable Phenotypic Battery to Individualize Opioid Use Disorder Treatment for Women Through the Postpartum PeriodK23DA053507 · NIDA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI MARTIN, CAITLIN EILEEN · 2021 to 2025
$1.0M
NIDA NIH HHS K23 DA053507NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA026091
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNonmedical use of prescription medications (NUPM) is a growing problem but little is known about its gender-specific mechanisms despite NIDA's call for gender-stratified research over a decade ago. We explored gender differences in NUPM in a diverse sample of primary care patients.

methodsN = 4458 participants participated in an anonymous health survey in urban primary care clinics. The primary outcome was past month NUPM. All analyses were stratified by gender. Bivariate relationships among NUPM and demographic, medical, psychological, and substance use-related variables were analyzed. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression models (LRMs) were estimated by gender.

resultsMore men (9.5%) reported NUPM than women (7.4%). The final LRM among men included age (OR=0.98), race (OR=0.49), chronic pain diagnosis (OR=1.73), hepatitis (OR=1.78), depression diagnosis (OR=1.77), positive alcohol misuse screen (OR=1.58), and mood disturbance (OR=1.04). Among women, the model included mood disturbance (OR=1.04), illicit drug use (OR=2.22), family history of drug problems (OR=1.41), and heart disease diagnosis (OR=0.48). Effect sizes ranged from small to moderate.

conclusionsAmong a sample of primary care patients, gender-stratified analyses indicated differential presentation of NUPM by gender. Demographic factors were more relevant correlates among men, with younger, White men at higher risk. Chronic pain and depression were more notable risk factors for men. Recent illicit drug use and family history of drug problems were uniquely associated among women, while recent distress was a strong correlate among both men and women. A better understanding of gender-specific correlates of NUPM can inform gender-tailored prevention and treatment efforts.

Indexed as

Chronic PainIllicit DrugsPrescription Drug MisusePrescription DrugsSubstance-Related DisordersAnalgesics, OpioidFemaleHealth SurveysHumansMalePrescriptionsPrimary Health CareAnalgesics, OpioidIllicit DrugsPrescription DrugsChronic painGender differencesOpioidsPrescription misuseWomen

Identifiers

PMID35299006
PMCPMC9096812
OpenAlexW4220928008

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.