SynthesisAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2022
Changes in cognitive functioning after COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 201 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
201 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Use of the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery in Clinical Populations.Neuropsychology review · 2026Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of Cognitive Function Following Non-severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Neuropsychology review · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of education on subjective well-being: a meta-analysis based on 59 empirical studies.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Research evidence on the management of the cognitive impairment component of the post-COVID condition: a qualitative systematic review.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2024Pooled it
- Evidence-based position paper on physical and rehabilitation medicine professional practice for persons with COVID-19, including post COVID-19 condition: the European PRM position (UEMS PRM Section).European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2023Guideline
- Attention and memory after COVID-19 as measured by neuropsychological tests: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta psychologica · 2023Pooled it
- Evidence from a meta-analysis and systematic review reveals the global prevalence of mild cognitive impairment.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Changes in cognitive functioning after COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2022Pooled it
- Multi-site video-based assessment with the NACC UDS-Version 3 battery: Design and participant experience in the V-Cog study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Trial
- Remote ischemic conditioning improves neuropsychiatric symptoms in COVID-19 patients: a randomized clinical trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Cognitive function among COVID-19 survivors in the subacute phase during the epidemic of Omicron variant in China.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2026Article
- Association Between Post-COVID Consequences and Cognitive Performance in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2026Article
- Investigation of BOLD signal intensities in long COVID patients using 7T functional MRI.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Observational
- Assessing Cognitive Deterioration After COVID-19 Infection (The ACDC Study): An Exploratory Multimodal Neuroimaging Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Social connection and cognitive health: A review of concepts, measures, and research priorities.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Cognitive impairment in long-COVID: frequency, trajectories and risk factors in a cohort study from Italy.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Acute COVID-19 severity and impaired cognitive function up to 32 months after diagnosis: an observational study.BMC medicine · 2026Observational
- LearningRx Cognitive Training for Workplace Self-Efficacy in Adults with Post-COVID-19 Brain Fog: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Increased incidence of mild cognitive impairment in long COVID patients.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Observational
141 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the cognitive effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults with no prior history of cognitive impairment.
methodsSearches in Medline/Web of Science/Embase from January 1, 2020, to December 13, 2021, were performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A meta-analysis of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) total score comparing recovered COVID-19 and healthy controls was performed.
resultsOof 6202 articles, 27 studies with 2049 individuals were included (mean age = 56.05 years, evaluation time ranged from the acute phase to 7 months post-infection). Impairment in executive functions, attention, and memory were found in post-COVID-19 patients. The meta-analysis was performed with a subgroup of 290 individuals and showed a difference in MoCA score between post-COVID-19 patients versus controls (mean difference = -0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.59, -0.29; P = .0049). DISCUSSION: Patients recovered from COVID-19 have lower general cognition compared to healthy controls up to 7 months post-infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.