ArticleFrontiers in toxicology2021
DMSO Concentrations up to 1% are Safe to be Used in the Zebrafish Embryo Developmental Toxicity Assay.
Article in Frontiers in toxicology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Leveraging developmental neurotoxicity data in zebrafish embryos through the use of artificial intelligence methods.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Integration of network pharmacology and molecular docking reveals the anti-inflammatory efficacy of formononetin in Huangqin decoction and experiment verification in DSS-induced zebrafish IBD model.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- A Zebrafish Seizure Model of cblX Syndrome Reveals a Dose-Dependent Response to mTor Inhibition.Journal of developmental biology · 2025Article
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6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a popular solvent for developmental toxicity testing of chemicals and pharmaceuticals in zebrafish embryos. In general, it is recommended to keep the final DMSO concentration as low as possible for zebrafish embryos, preferably not exceeding 100 μL/L (0.01%). However, higher concentrations of DMSO are often required to dissolve compounds in an aqueous medium. The aim of this study was to determine the highest concentration of DMSO that can be safely used in our standardized Zebrafish Embryo Developmental Toxicity Assay (ZEDTA). In the first part of this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations (0-2%) of DMSO. No increase in lethality or malformations was observed when using DMSO concentrations up to 1%. In a follow-up experiment, we assessed whether compounds that cause no developmental toxicity in the ZEDTA remain negative when dissolved in 1% DMSO, as false positive results due to physiological disturbances by DMSO should be avoided. To this end, zebrafish embryos were exposed to ascorbic acid and hydrochlorothiazide dissolved in 1% DMSO. Negative control groups were also included. No significant increase in malformations or lethality was observed in any of the groups. In conclusion, DMSO concentrations up to 1% can be safely used to dissolve compounds in the ZEDTA.
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