Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35294969›Full record

Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2022

Multivitamins in the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease: the COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes Study (COSMOS) randomized clinical trial.

Howard D Sesso, Pamela M Rist, Aaron K Aragaki, Susanne Rautiainen, Lisa G Johnson, Georgina Friedenberg, Trisha Copeland, Allison Clar, Samia Mora, M Vinayaga Moorthy and 7 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02422745 (COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02422745 phase4completednot on this map

COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorBrigham and Women's HospitalRan2015 to 2023Enrolled21,442ConditionsCardiovascular Disease, CancerArmsCocoa extract, Multivitamin, Cocoa extract placebo, Multivitamin placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function: A randomized clinical trial.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023
    Trial
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Howard D SessoDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Pamela M RistDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Aaron K AragakiDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Susanne RautiainenDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Lisa G JohnsonDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Georgina FriedenbergDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Trisha CopelandDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Allison ClarDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Samia MoraDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6283-0980
M Vinayaga MoorthyDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Ara SarkissianDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jean Wactawski-WendeDepartment of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3096-9595
Lesley F TinkerDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
William R CarrickDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Garnet L AndersonDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5087-7837
JoAnn E MansonDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9426-7595
COSMOS Research Group
Brigham and Women's Hospital · USFred Hutch Cancer Center · USUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New York · US

Funding

WOMEN'S HEALTH INITIATIVE - CLINICAL COORDINATING CENTER: TASK AREA B - LONG LIFE STUDY VISIT 2 LIMITED HOME VISIT75N92021D00001 · NHLBI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI ANDERSON, GARNET L. · 2021 to 2025
$52.0M
WOMEN'S HEALTH INITIATIVE (WHI) REGIONAL CENTER (RC): TASK AREA A AND A275N92021D00002 · NHLBI · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI WACTAWSKI-WENDE, JEAN · 2021 to 2025
$6.9M
WOMEN'S HEALTH INITIATIVE (WHI) REGIONAL CENTER (RC) - TO EXERCISE OPTION PERIOD ONE (1) AND REVISE CONTRACT ARTICLES.75N92021D00004 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI STEFANICK, MARCIA · 2021 to 2025
$6.5M
Task Area A shall encompass annual follow-up of cohort members, clinical events investigations, study operations, and data analysis and manuscript writing. If implemented, Task A.1 will provide fundin75N92020D00005 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI WATSON, KAROL E · 2020 to 2025
$5.1M
WOMEN'S HEALTH INITIATIVE (WHI) REGIONAL CENTER (RC) - TO EXERCISE OPTION PERIOD ONE (1) AND REVISE CONTRACT ARTICLES.75N92021D00003 · NHLBI · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI JACKSON, REBECCA · 2021 to 2025
$5.0M
THE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNITIES (ARIC) STUDY - FIELD CENTER - TASK ORDER 01, TASK AREA A75N92022D00005 · NHLBI · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI WAGENKNECHT, LYNNE · 2022 to 2025
$5.0M
WOMEN'S HEALTH INITIATIVE (WHI) REGIONAL CENTER (RC) - TO EXERCISE OPTION PERIOD ONE (1) AND REVISE CONTRACT ARTICLES.75N92021D00005 · NHLBI · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI VITOLINS, MARA · 2021 to 2025
$4.2M
VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): Interrelationship of Vitamin D and Vitamin K on BoneR01AR059775 · NIAMS · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI LEBOFF, MERYL SUSAN · 2012 to 2022
$3.9M
Cocoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes Study in the Mind (COSMOS-Mind)R01AG050657 · NIA · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI BAKER, LAURA D., ESPELAND, MARK ANDREW · 2016 to 2020
$3.8M
Effect of randomized cocoa supplementation on inflammaging and epigenetic agingR01HL157665 · NHLBI · AUGUSTA UNIVERSITY · PI DONG, YANBIN, SESSO, HOWARD D · 2021 to 2024
$2.9M
VITamin D OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): Fractures, Vitamin D and Genetic MarkersR01AR070854 · NIAMS · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI LEBOFF, MERYL SUSAN · 2018 to 2022
$2.8M
COcoa Supplement and Multivitamins Outcomes Study (COSMOS): Effects on Falls and Physical PerformanceR01AG071611 · NIA · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI CRANDALL, CAROLYN JANET, LEBOFF, MERYL SUSAN · 2021 to 2024
$2.7M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY025623NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00005NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92021D00001NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92021D00002NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92022D00005NHLBI NIH HHS K24 HL136852NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL157665NIA NIH HHS R01 AG050657NIA NIH HHS R01 AG071611NIH HHS 75N98021D00005WHI NIH HHS 75N92021D00003WHI NIH HHS 75N92021D00004WHI NIH HHS 75N92021D00005
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough older adults commonly take multivitamin-multimineral (MVM) supplements to promote health, evidence on the use of daily MVMs on invasive cancer is limited.

objectivesThe study objective was to determine if a daily MVM decreases total invasive cancer among older adults.

methodsWe performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-by-2 factorial trial of a daily MVM and cocoa extract for prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among 21,442 US adults (12,666 women aged ≥65 y and 8776 men aged ≥60 y) free of major CVD and recently diagnosed cancer. The intervention phase was from June 2015 through December 2020. This article reports on the MVM intervention. Participants were randomly assigned to daily MVM or placebo. The primary outcome was total invasive cancer, excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer. Secondary outcomes included major site-specific cancers, total CVD, all-cause mortality, and total cancer risk among those with a baseline history of cancer.

resultsDuring a median follow-up of 3.6 y, invasive cancer occurred in 518 participants in the MVM group and 535 participants in the placebo group (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.86, 1.09; P = 0.57). We observed no significant effect of a daily MVM on breast cancer (HR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.79, 1.42) or colorectal cancer (HR: 1.30; 95% CI: 0.80, 2.12). We observed a protective effect of a daily MVM on lung cancer (HR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.92). The composite CVD outcome occurred in 429 participants in the MVM group and 437 participants in the placebo group (HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.86, 1.12). MVM use did not significantly affect all-cause mortality (HR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.08). There were no safety concerns.

conclusionsA daily MVM supplement, compared with placebo, did not significantly reduce the incidence of total cancer among older men and women. Future studies are needed to determine the effects of MVMs on other aging-related outcomes among older adults. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02422745.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsCacaoCardiovascular DiseasesAgedDietary SupplementsDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHealth PromotionHumansMaleVitaminsVitaminscancercardiovascular diseasecocoa extractflavanolsmultivitaminrandomized clinical trial

Identifiers

PMID35294969
PMCPMC9170475
OpenAlexW4220993553

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.