ArticleScience advances2022
Cross-ethnicity/race generalization failure of behavioral prediction from resting-state functional connectivity.
Article in Science advances, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 93 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis and systematic review of single vs. multimodal neuroimaging techniques in the classification of psychosis.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Machine Learning and Prediction in Fetal, Infant, and Toddler Neuroimaging: A Review and Primer.Biological psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Ethics of AI in Radiology: A Review of Ethical and Societal Implications.Frontiers in big data · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Feature selection leads to divergent neurobiological interpretations of brain-based machine learning biomarkers.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- Linking the exposome to the brain-behaviour phenotype.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Racialized Heteroscedasticity in Neuroimaging Features, Behavior Measures, and Neuroimaging-Based Predictive Models.Research square · 2026Article
- Normative THuman brain mapping · 2026Article
- Developmental changes of the white matter functional connectome.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Supervised Domain Adaptation Mitigates Cross-Ethnicity Prediction Error in Neuroimaging-Based Cognitive Prediction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- External validation improves generalizability, replicability and reproducibility in predictive models for neuroimaging.Nature methods · 2026Review
- Using deep learning to identify brain networks mediating cognitive and motor impairments in alcohol use disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- A Framework for Advancing Mechanistic Neurobehavioral Biomarkers in Psychiatry.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Task and Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Modeling of Brain-Behavior Relationships in Developmental Cohorts.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Efficacy of Personalized Connectivity-Guided Accelerated Brain Stimulation in a Naturalistic Treatment-Resistant Depression Population.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- The role of age in the relationship between brain structure and cognition: moderator or confound?Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Representing Brain-Behavior Associations by Retaining High-Motion Minoritized Youth.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026Article
- Predicting Continuous Cognitive Decline: The Generalizability of a Multimodal Machine Learning Approach Including Structural MRI and Non-Brain Data.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Lifestyle and Transcriptional Signatures Associated with Ethnicity/Race-Related Variations in the Functional Connectome.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Algorithmic biases that favor majority populations pose a key challenge to the application of machine learning for precision medicine. Here, we assessed such bias in prediction models of behavioral phenotypes from brain functional magnetic resonance imaging. We examined the prediction bias using two independent datasets (preadolescent versus adult) of mixed ethnic/racial composition. When predictive models were trained on data dominated by white Americans (WA), out-of-sample prediction errors were generally higher for African Americans (AA) than for WA. This bias toward WA corresponds to more WA-like brain-behavior association patterns learned by the models. When models were trained on AA only, compared to training only on WA or an equal number of AA and WA participants, AA prediction accuracy improved but stayed below that for WA. Overall, the results point to the need for caution and further research regarding the application of current brain-behavior prediction models in minority populations.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.