ArticleThe New phytologist2022
Macroevolutionary dynamics in the transition of angiosperms to aquatic environments.
Article in The New phytologist, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Evolving View of Character Macroevolution.Systematic biology · 2026Review
- Older Lineages of Vascular Plants in Wetlands Dominate in Habitats That Are More Ubiquitous Across the Region: A Case Study in Southern Africa.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Spatial and environmental factors shape multiple facets of macrophyte β-diversity in tropical freshwaters, revealing dispersal and adaptive patterns.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Aquatic plant Myriophyllum spicatum displays contrasting morphological, photosynthetic, and transcriptomic responses between its aquatic and terrestrial morphotypes.Photosynthesis research · 2025Article
- The chromosome-level genome of the submerged plant Cryptocoryne crispatula provides insights into the terrestrial-freshwater transition in Araceae.DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes · 2024Article
- Allometric relationships between leaf and petiole traits across 31 floating-leaved plants reveal a different adaptation pattern from terrestrial plants.Annals of botany · 2023Article
- Techniques and challenges in studying photosynthetic diversity in freshwater submerged vascular plants.Applications in plant sciencesReview
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
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Abstract
Angiosperm lineages in aquatic environments are characterized by high structural and functional diversity, and wide distributions. A long-standing evolutionary riddle is what processes have caused the relatively low diversity of aquatic angiosperms compared to their terrestrial relatives. We use diversification and ancestral reconstruction models with a comprehensive > 10 000 genus angiosperm phylogeny to elucidate the macroevolutionary dynamics associated with transitions of terrestrial plants to water. Our study reveals that net diversification rates are significantly lower in aquatic than in terrestrial angiosperms due to lower speciation and higher extinction. Shifts from land to water started early in angiosperm evolution, but most events were concentrated during the last c. 25 million years. Reversals to a terrestrial habitat started only 40 million years ago, but occurred at much higher rates. Within aquatic angiosperms, the estimated pattern is one of gradual accumulation of lineages, and relatively low and constant diversification rates throughout the Cenozoic. Low diversification rates, together with infrequent water transitions, account for the low diversity of aquatic angiosperms today. The stressful conditions and small global surface of the aquatic habitat available for angiosperms are hypothesized to explain this pattern.
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