Trial reportThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2022
Empagliflozin and Decreased Risk of Nephrolithiasis: A Potential New Role for SGLT2 Inhibition?
Trial report in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- SGLT2 inhibitors and nephrolithiasis risk: a meta-analysis.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Pooled it
- Brazilian Guidelines on evaluation and clinical management of Nephrolithiasis: Brazilian Society of Nephrology.Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaGuideline
- Empagliflozin in nondiabetic individuals with calcium and uric acid kidney stones: a randomized phase 2 trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- SGLT2 Inhibitors in Nephrolithiasis: Emerging Evidence and What Urologists Need to Know.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Off-label use of dapagliflozin in a dog with recurrent calcium oxalate urolithiasis: a case report.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- From molecules to the clinic-pathophysiology of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and their emerging role in urology: A comprehensive review from the European Association of Urology Section of Endourology.Asian journal of urology · 2026Review
- Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes and Kidney Stones: Strengthening Links Over Time?TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology · 2026Review
- The effects of elevated phosphate on the kidney - damaging the gatekeeper.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2026Review
- Beyond safety: adverse events and unanticipated advantages of SGLT2 inhibitors.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Beyond expensive innovations: affordable and effective strategies for managing tubulopathies in adults.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Prevent Nephrolithiasis in Patients with Diabetes: A TriNetX-Based Real-World Global Comparison.Kidney360 · 2026Article
- Comparison of 24-Hour urine parameters before and after initiation of Metformin in patients with diabetes and urolithiasis: A retrospective analysis.Urolithiasis · 2025Article
- Effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on the risk of nephrolithiasis and urinary tract infections in Thai patients with type 2 diabetes: a hospital-based cohort study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Heterogeneous effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors on nephrolithiasis in older adults with type 2 diabetes.Pharmacotherapy · 2025Article
- Empagliflozin versus DPP4i or GLP-1RA for the risk of nephrolithiasis in patients with type 2 diabetes: Research letter from the EMPRISE cohort study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Use of Sodium-Glucose Transport Protein 2 Inhibitors and the Incidence of Urolithiasis: A Multi-Database and Cross-Country Study in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Balancing Stone Prevention and Kidney Function: A Therapeutic Dilemma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Systematic review of pharmacological, complementary, and alternative therapies for the prevention of calcium oxalate stones.Asian journal of urology · 2025Review
- Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor prevents nephrolithiasis in non-diabetes by restoring impaired autophagic flux.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Is There a Role for SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease?Current hypertension reports · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
contextDiabetes mellitus is a risk factor for nephrolithiasis. A recent observational study found that in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), SGLT2 inhibitor use was associated with a 49% lower risk of nephrolithiasis compared with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
objectiveWe examined the association between nephrolithiasis and the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin, using existing data from randomized clinical trials.
methodsWe pooled data from 15 081 T2D patients randomized to empagliflozin (n = 10 177) or placebo (n = 4904) from 20 phase I-IV trials, including the large cardiovascular outcome trial, EMPA-REG OUTCOME. Incident urinary tract stone events were captured using a predefined collection of MedRA terms. A sensitivity analysis using a narrower definition was also performed. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% CIs were calculated using the relative risk estimate, stratified by study.
resultsThe median exposures to study drug were 543 days (placebo) and 549 days (empagliflozin); 183 patients experienced an incident urolithiasis during follow-up (placebo, 79; empagliflozin, 104), yielding annual incidence rates of 1.01 vs 0.63 events/100 patient-years in the 2 respective groups. The IRR was 0.64 (95% CI, 0.48-0.86), in favor of empagliflozin. In the sensitivity analysis, the results were similar (IRR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.45-0.85]).
conclusionCompared with placebo, empagliflozin therapy was associated with an approximate 40% reduced risk of urinary tract stone events in T2D patients. The underlying mechanisms are unknown but may involve altered lithogenic profile of the urine. Dedicated randomized prospective clinical trials are warranted to confirm these initial observations in patients with and without T2D.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.