ArticlePloS one2022
Assessment of prevalence of Giardia lamblia infection and its associated factors among government elementary school children from Sidama zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of intestinal protozoan parasites among Asian schoolchildren: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Infection · 2024Pooled it
- T cell exhaustion inParasite epidemiology and control · 2026Review
- Phytoextracts Used in the Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis: Current State.Acta parasitologica · 2026Review
- The Role of Companion Animals as 'Sentinels' From the One Health Perspective.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Review
- Prevalence and determinants of intestinal parasitic infections among children under five years attending Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Southern Ethiopia.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Spatial clustering of Giardia duodenalis assemblages and sub-assemblages with environmental and anthropozoonotic factors in Busia, Western Kenya.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- mRNA based vaccines and therapeutics for parasitic infections: a comprehensive review.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- The history of giardiasis.Parasitology research · 2025Review
- High resolution melting real-time PCR for genotyping of Giardia lamblia assemblages A and B regardless of parasite load.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- Assessment of the burden of Giardia infection and its associated risk factors among children resident in internally displaced persons camps in Mogadishu, Somalia: a cross-sectional study.International health · 2025Article
- Article
- Identifying Molecular Changes inDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Giardia-induced Type 2 mucosal immunity attenuates intestinal inflammation caused by co-infection or colitis in mice.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Coprological and molecular prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in cattle and irrigation water from Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Human Giardiasis in Ghana - A Scoping Review of Studies From 2004 to 2024.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence ofFood and waterborne parasitology · 2024Article
- A long journey to the colon: The role of the small intestine microbiota in intestinal disease.Molecular microbiology · 2024Review
- Intestinal parasitic co-infections associated with Helicobacter pylori among paediatric patients with gastrointestinal illness attending a general hospital in southern Ethiopia.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Metabarcoding study of potential pathogens and zoonotic risks associated with dog feces in Seoul, South Korea.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Giardiasis is a protozoan disease caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia. Around 200 million people are infected worldwide annually while, 500,000 deaths were reported each year. The infection rates were between 2-5% in the developed nations and 20-30% in the developing countries. The parasite is associated with poverty, poor sanitation, lack of clean and safe drinking water supply, and poor personal hygiene. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence rate and associated risk factors of G. lamblia infection among the elementary school children at Loka Abaya town, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to July 2019. A total number of 422 students were selected by using simple random sampling. Structured and semi-structured questionnaire was used to identify known risk factors such as environmental, socio-demographic, and behavioural. Stool specimens were collected from the study subjects and examined using direct smear method, microscopically. A bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done. P value less than 0.05 at 95% of the confidence interval was considered statistically significant. The overall prevalence rates of G. lamblia infection were 27.1%. Rural school from Aregeda [AOR: 9.997, P = 0.005], age group of 6-9 years [AOR: 2.305, P = 0.019], consuming tap water [AOR: 0.011, P = 0.006], hand washing habit after defecation with water only [AOR = 0.313, P = 0.040], use of soap and water [AOR: 0.046, P = 0.000] were the factors which are found to be associated with the parasite infection when compared to urban school. As such, the prevalence of G. lamblia infection was found to be high in the studied area among school children. Thus, scaling-up of access to safe water, toilets, education, and health facilities are required to possibly eradicate this predicament.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.