Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35288828›Full record

ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2022

Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Related Mortality in the USA, 1999-2018.

Azaan Ramani, Elliot B Tapper, Connor Griffin, Nagasri Shankar, Neehar D Parikh, Sumeet K Asrani

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In one paragraph

Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. CCDC137 affects sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by activating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Article
  2. Differential aging trends among candidates for liver transplant with and without HCC.Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Azaan RamaniBaylor University Medical Center, Baylor Scott and White, 3410 Worth Street, Suite 860, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.
Elliot B TapperDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA.
Connor GriffinBaylor University Medical Center, Baylor Scott and White, 3410 Worth Street, Suite 860, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.
Nagasri ShankarBaylor University Medical Center, Baylor Scott and White, 3410 Worth Street, Suite 860, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.
Neehar D ParikhDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA.
Sumeet K AsraniBaylor University Medical Center, Baylor Scott and White, 3410 Worth Street, Suite 860, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA. sumeet.asrani@bswhealth.org.
Baylor University Medical Center · USUniversity of Michigan · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsThe burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing, and certain groups may be at higher risk.

methodsWe analyzed trends in HCC-related mortality in the USA (1999-2018) using national death data. Age-adjusted trends in death rates (annual percentage change, APC) were calculated using joinpoint regression analysis.

resultsHCC-related death rates increased by 2.1% (95% CI 1.9 to 2.3) annually. Hepatitis C (HCV)-related HCC death rates increased from 1999 to 2012 (8.9%, 95% CI 7.6 to 10.2) followed by a -1.3% (95% CI -3.5 to 0.9) decrease annually. For adults > 65 years, HCV-related HCC death rates increased (7.3% annually, 95% CI 6.5 to 8.1), especially for rural areas (11.1% annually, 95% CI 6.9 to 15.5) with high rates among African-Americans and Hispanics. Increases in non-HCV-related HCC death rates were larger: 13.5% annually (95% CI 3.6 to 24.3, 2005-2010) followed by 4.2% annually (95% CI 2.3 to 6.2, 2010-2018). Annual rates of increase were similar for men (6.8%, 95% CI 5.9 to 7.8) and women (7.0%, 95% CI 5.5 to 8.4) from 1999 to 2018. Rate of increase across races was Whites 8.3% (95% CI 7.2 to 9.4, 1999-2018), African-Americans 11.2% (95% CI -6.6 to 32.3, 2015-2018), and Hispanics 3.7% (95% CI 1.0 to 6.5, 2012-2018).

conclusionHCC-related mortality has increased, driven by increases in non-HCV-related mortality with important demographic and regional trends. In addition, HCV-HCC mortality remains high particularly in older persons and those in rural areas despite advances in HCV therapy. These data underscore the need for targeted approaches to mitigate the burden of HCC-related mortality similar to efforts for other cancers.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, HepatocellularHepatitis CLiver NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHepacivirusHumansIncidenceMaleRisk FactorsUnited StatesCancerHepatitis CLiverUSA

Identifiers

PMID35288828
OpenAlexW4220892578

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.