Trial reportGenome medicine2022
Calorie restriction improves metabolic state independently of gut microbiome composition: a randomized dietary intervention trial.
Trial report in Genome medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02449148 (Healthy Nutrition and Energy Restriction as Cancer Prevention Strategies), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Healthy Nutrition and Energy Restriction as Cancer Prevention Strategies: a Randomized Controlled Intervention Trial
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impacts of Lifestyle and Microbiota-Targeted Interventions for Overweight and Obesity on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Systematic Review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Plasma lipidomic and metabolomic profiles in high-grade glioma patients before and after 72-h presurgery water-only fasting.Molecular oncology · 2025Trial
- A legume-enriched diet improves metabolic health in prediabetes mediated through gut microbiome: a randomized controlled trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Alterations in Overweight or Obese Adult Population after Weight-LossInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Trial
- Impact of Caloric Restriction and Exercise on Trimethylamine N-Oxide Metabolism in Women with Obesity.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Calorie restriction improves metabolic state independently of gut microbiome composition: a randomized dietary intervention trial.Genome medicine · 2022Trial
- Multi-omic modelling of body mass index response to a dietary weight loss intervention.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Microbiota-bile acid-host axis dysregulation drives enteropathogenesis inThe veterinary quarterly · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Multimodal (Bio)Markers and Risk of Obesity - A Comprehensive Scoping Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Gut microbiome mediates the association between dietary quality and metabolic risk in a heterogeneous adult population.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota-host adaptive immune interactions in type 2 diabetes mellitus: mechanisms, disease progression, and microbiota-based therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Intermittent fasting and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: the potential role of the gut-liver axis.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- Intermittent Fasting: Implications for Obesity-Related Colorectal Tumorigenesis.Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Hypertension inhibition by Dubosiella newyorkensis via reducing pentosidine synthesis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Development of Next Generation Probiotics for Cardiometabolic Diseases.Phenomics (Cham, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Dietary Restrictions and Cancer Prevention: State of the Art.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The Positive Regulatory Effect of DBT on Lipid Metabolism in Postpartum Dairy Cows.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Low-calorie diet intervention ameliorates gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic changes in obese patients with type 2 diabetes under standard care.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe gut microbiota has been suggested to play a significant role in the development of overweight and obesity. However, the effects of calorie restriction on gut microbiota of overweight and obese adults, especially over longer durations, are largely unexplored.
methodsHere, we longitudinally analyzed the effects of intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) operationalized as the 5:2 diet versus continuous calorie restriction (CCR) on fecal microbiota of 147 overweight or obese adults in a 50-week parallel-arm randomized controlled trial, the HELENA Trial. The primary outcome of the trial was the differential effects of ICR versus CCR on gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Changes in the gut microbiome, which are the focus of this publication, were defined as exploratory endpoint of the trial. The trial comprised a 12-week intervention period, a 12-week maintenance period, and a final follow-up period of 26 weeks.
resultsBoth diets resulted in ~5% weight loss. However, except for Lactobacillales being enriched after ICR, post-intervention microbiome composition did not significantly differ between groups. Overall weight loss was associated with significant metabolic improvements, but not with changes in the gut microbiome. Nonetheless, the abundance of the Dorea genus at baseline was moderately predictive of subsequent weight loss (AUROC of 0.74 for distinguishing the highest versus lowest weight loss quartiles). Despite the lack of consistent intervention effects on microbiome composition, significant study group-independent co-variation between gut bacterial families and metabolic biomarkers, anthropometric measures, and dietary composition was detectable. Our analysis in particular revealed associations between insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR) and Akkermansiaceae, Christensenellaceae, and Tanerellaceae. It also suggests the possibility of a beneficial modulation of the latter two intestinal taxa by a diet high in vegetables and fiber, and low in processed meat.
conclusionsOverall, our results suggest that the gut microbiome remains stable and highly individual-specific under dietary calorie restriction.
trial registrationThe trial, including the present microbiome component, was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02449148 on May 20, 2015.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.