ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2022
The influence of maternal anxiety and cortisol during pregnancy on childhood anxiety symptoms.
Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal prenatal stress and infant temperament at one year: exploring the mediating role of postpartum depression in the French EDEN cohort.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Association between multimorbidity and childhood socioeconomic status with depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in rural western China.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prenatal maternal stress: triangulating evidence for intrauterine exposure effects on birth and early childhood outcomes across multiple approaches.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Associations between psychosocial stress, child's anxiety, and lung function in mid-childhood.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2024Article
- Serial Diurnal Salivary Cortisol Profiles in 667 Pregnant Women-Association With Cardiometabolic Complications.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Maternal steroids during pregnancy and their associations with exposure to lifetime stressful life events, prenatal stress appraisal and psychological functioning.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2023Article
- Maternal Mental Health Care Matters: The Impact of Prenatal Depressive and Anxious Symptoms on Child Emotional and Behavioural Trajectories in the French EDEN Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Differential effects of prenatal psychological distress and positive mental health on offspring socioemotional development from infancy to adolescence: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundThe etiology of child and adolescent anxiety remains poorly understood. Although several previous studies have examined associations between prenatal maternal psychological functioning and infant and child health outcomes, less is known about the impact of maternal anxiety specific to pregnancy and cortisol during pregnancy on childhood anxiety outcomes.
methodsParticipants included 496 mother-child pairs from the PROGRESS longitudinal birth cohort in Mexico City. Anxiety symptoms were assessed at age 8-11 years during 2018-2019 using the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. Pregnancy-specific anxiety was assessed using an expanded version of the Pregnancy Anxiety Scale. Maternal biological stress response during pregnancy was assessed using salivary cortisol measures (area under the curve, cortisol awakening response, and diurnal slope). Linear regression models were used to estimate associations between maternal anxiety and cortisol in relation to continuous child anxiety symptom T-scores. Models were adjusted for maternal age, socioeconomic status, child sex and age, and gestational age at saliva collection.
resultsWe found that higher levels of pregnancy-specific anxiety in the mother were associated with higher anxiety symptoms in the child (β: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.19, 2.41). We additionally observed an association between higher maternal total cortisol output during pregnancy and higher anxiety symptoms in the child (β: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.25, 2.01). DISCUSSION: These findings highlight the importance of screening for maternal pregnancy-specific anxiety and the need to identify interventions and support for mothers during pregnancy in order to promote healthy outcomes for mothers and their children.
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