Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35286759›Full record

Observational studyAmerican journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons2022

Sequential hypothermic and normothermic machine perfusion enables safe transplantation of high-risk donor livers.

Otto B van Leeuwen, Silke B Bodewes, Veerle A Lantinga, Martijn P D Haring, Adam M Thorne, Isabel M A Brüggenwirth, Aad P van den Berg, Marieke T de Boer, Iris E M de Jong, Ruben H J de Kleine and 5 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07651748 (Secretin Therapy During Ex-Situ Normothermic Liver Machine Perfusion), which is not on this map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07651748 phase1 / phase2enrolling by invitationnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Secretin Therapy During Ex-Situ Normothermic Liver Machine Perfusion: A Critical Factor for Restoration of Bile Duct Physiology and the Protective "Bicarbonate Umbrella"

TypeinterventionalSponsorErasmus Medical CenterRan2025 to 2026Enrolled20ConditionsLiver TransplantationArmsSecretin administration during ex-situ liver machine perfusion
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Donor-Related Risk Factors for Normothermic Machine Perfusion in Liver Transplantation: A Meta-Analysis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. A diagnostic accuracy study of mitochondrial FMN during hypothermic oxygenated perfusion to guide liver utilization and avoid normothermic assessment.Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Proteomic Trajectories of Metabolic and Proteostatic Adaptation During Normothermic Liver Perfusion.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Revealing the potential of non-transplanted donor organs: a comparative analysis in the Eurotransplant region.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026
    Article
  14. Time as a Therapeutic Ally: The Promise of Long-Term Solid Organ and Tissue Perfusion.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026
    Review
  15. Implementation of a controlled DCD program in Western Austria - key considerations and insights.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review

3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Otto B van LeeuwenDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-8600-0479
Silke B BodewesDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6137-4901
Veerle A LantingaDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6931-2825
Martijn P D HaringDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-4789-3910
Adam M ThorneDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-5550-2364
Isabel M A BrüggenwirthDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-8557-7081
Aad P van den BergDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Marieke T de BoerDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Iris E M de JongDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3071-8908
Ruben H J de KleineDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3975-3184
Bianca LascarisDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0258-1112
Maarten W N NijstenDepartment of Intensive Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0981-9392
Koen M E M ReyntjensDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-5375-8235
Vincent E de MeijerDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-7900-5917
Robert J PorteDepartment of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0538-734X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ex situ normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is increasingly used for viability assessment of high-risk donor livers, whereas dual hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (DHOPE) reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury. We aimed to resuscitate and test the viability of initially-discarded, high-risk donor livers using sequential DHOPE and NMP with two different oxygen carriers: an artificial hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) or red blood cells (RBC). In a prospective observational cohort study of 54 livers that underwent DHOPE-NMP, the first 18 procedures were performed with a HBOC-based perfusion solution and the subsequent 36 procedures were performed with an RBC-based perfusion solution for the NMP phase. All but one livers were derived from extended criteria donation after circulatory death donors, with a median donor risk index of 2.84 (IQR 2.52-3.11). After functional assessment during NMP, 34 livers (63% utilization), met the viability criteria and were transplanted. One-year graft and patient survival were 94% and 100%, respectively. Post-transplant cholangiopathy occurred in 1 patient (3%). There were no significant differences in utilization rate and post-transplant outcomes between the HBOC and RBC group. Ex situ machine perfusion using sequential DHOPE-NMP for resuscitation and viability assessment of high-risk donor livers results in excellent transplant outcomes, irrespective of the oxygen carrier used.

Indexed as

Liver TransplantationHemoglobinsHumansLiverLiving DonorsOrgan PreservationOxygenPerfusionProspective StudiesHemoglobinsOxygenclinical research / practicedonation after circulatory death (DCD)donors and donationliver transplantation / hepatologyorgan perfusion and preservation

Identifiers

PMID35286759
PMCPMC9325426

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.