ArticleJournal of microbiology and biotechnology2022
Gossypol Induces Apoptosis of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells via CHOP/Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling Pathway.
Article in Journal of microbiology and biotechnology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gossypol enhances ponatinib's cytotoxicity against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by involving cell cycle arrest, p-AKT/LC3II/p62, and Bcl2/caspase-3 pathways.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Anti-Inflammatory 8-Shogaol Mediates Apoptosis by Inducing Oxidative Stress and Sensitizes Radioresistance in Gastric Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Oncometabolites in pancreatic cancer: Strategies and its implications.World journal of experimental medicine · 2024Review
- The potential roles of gossypol as anticancer agent: advances and future directions.Chinese medicine · 2023Review
- The Musashi RNA-binding proteins in female cancers: insights on molecular mechanisms and therapeutic relevance.Biomarker research · 2023Review
- Bioenergetic alteration in gastrointestinal cancers: The good, the bad and the ugly.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Article
- HCA (2-Hydroxy-Docosahexaenoic Acid) Induces Apoptosis and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pancreatic Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gossypol, a natural phenolic aldehyde present in cotton plants, was originally used as a means of contraception, but is currently being studied for its anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects on various cancers. However, the intracellular mechanism of action regarding the effects of gossypol on pancreatic cancer cells remains unclear. Here, we investigated the anti-cancer effects of gossypol on human pancreatic cancer cells (BxPC-3 and MIA PaCa-2). Cell counting kit-8 assays, annexin V/propidium iodide staining assays, and transmission electron microscopy showed that gossypol induced apoptotic cell death and apoptotic body formation in both cell lines. RNA sequencing analysis also showed that gossypol increased the mRNA levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in pancreatic cancer cell lines. In addition, gossypol facilitated the cleavage of caspase-3 via protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), CHOP, and Bax/Bcl-2 upregulation in both cells, whereas the upregulation of ATF was limited to BxPC-3 cells. Finally, a three-dimensional culture experiment confirmed the successful suppression of cancer cell spheroids via gossypol treatment. Taken together, our data suggest that gossypol may trigger apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells via the PERK-CHOP signaling pathway. These findings propose a promising therapeutic approach to pancreatic cancer treatment using gossypol.
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