ArticleTrials2022
Differentiated prevention and care to reduce the risk of HIV acquisition and transmission among female sex workers in Zimbabwe: study protocol for the 'AMETHIST' cluster randomised trial.
Article in Trials, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- "We carried her in a wheelbarrow to the clinic": process evaluation of the AMETHIST intervention combining microplanning with self-help groups to improve HIV prevention and treatment among female sex workers in Zimbabwe.BMC health services research · 2026Trial
- A risk-differentiated, community-led intervention to strengthen uptake and engagement with HIV prevention and care cascades among female sex workers in Zimbabwe (AMETHIST): a cluster randomised trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Trial
- Values and preferences of female sex workers in Zimbabwe for long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis and the dapivirine vaginal ring: results of a mixed-methods research study.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Feasibility and acceptability of peer-led assessment of HIV risk among female sex workers in Zimbabwe.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Decline in HIV prevalence among female sex workers in Zimbabwe between 2013 and 2023.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness of a Discrete Choice-Based Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Delivery Model for Female Sex Workers in Uganda.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Exploring the Interplay of Social and Physical Factors in Risk Dynamics and Transitions Across the Life-Course of Female Sex Workers in Blantyre, Malawi: A Longitudinal Narrative Study.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Why do female sex workers disengage from targeted reproductive and sexual health services? Experiences from the Sisters with a Voice programme in Zimbabwe.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- High Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Poor Sensitivity and Specificity of Screening Algorithms for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Among Female Sex Workers in Zimbabwe: Analysis of Respondent-Driven Sampling Surveys in 3 Communities.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2025Article
- Recent infection testing to inform HIV prevention responses and surveillance in a programme context: lessons from implementation within a nationally scaled female sex worker programme in Zimbabwe.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Improving measures of context in process evaluations: development and use of the Context Tracker tool.Trials · 2024Article
- Advancing Programme Science approaches to understand gaps in HIV prevention programme coverage for key populations in 12 Nigerian states: findings from the 2020 Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance Survey.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Programme science methodologies and practices that address "FURRIE" challenges: examples from the field.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Using a Programme Science approach to substantially reduce the risk of HIV transmission and acquisition in sex transactions among female sex workers in Zimbabwe.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Exploring the contribution of self-help groups to sexual and reproductive health and HIV outcomes for female sex workers in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review protocol.Wellcome open research · 2024Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFemale sex workers (FSW) in sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by HIV and are critical to engage in HIV prevention, testing and care services. We describe the design of our evaluation of the 'AMETHIST' intervention, nested within a nationally-scaled programme for FSW in Zimbabwe. We hypothesise that the implementation of this intervention will result in a reduction in the risk of HIV transmission within sex work.
methodsThe AMETHIST intervention (Adapted Microplanning to Eliminate Transmission of HIV in Sex Transactions) is a risk-differentiated intervention for FSW, centred around the implementation of microplanning and self-help groups. It is designed to support uptake of, and adherence to, HIV prevention, testing and treatment behaviours among FSW. Twenty-two towns in Zimbabwe were randomised to receive either the Sisters programme (usual care) or the Sisters programme plus AMETHIST. The composite primary outcome is defined as the proportion of all FSW who are at risk of either HIV acquisition (HIV-negative and not fully protected by prevention interventions) or of HIV transmission (HIV-positive, not virally suppressed and not practicing consistent condom use). The outcome will be assessed after 2 years of intervention delivery in a respondent-driven sampling survey (total n = 4400; n = 200 FSW recruited at each site). Primary analysis will use the 'RDS-II' method to estimate cluster summaries and will adapt Hayes and Moulton's '2-step' method produce adjusted effect estimates. An in-depth process evaluation guided by our project trajectory will be undertaken. DISCUSSION: Innovative pragmatic trials are needed to generate evidence on effectiveness of combination interventions in HIV prevention and treatment in different contexts. We describe the design and analysis of such a study.
trial registrationPan African Clinical Trials Registry PACTR202007818077777 . Registered on 2 July 2020.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.